There are many pathological types of lymphoma, and the disease development process, prognosis and treatment methods of different types of lymphoma are different, and of course the treatment effects also differ greatly! Liu Jie, Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the staging of lymphoma is also important, and lymphoma at different stages of progression also determines the different treatment methods for them So, lymphoma must be diagnosed and treated in a standardized way! The diagnosis of lymphoma, especially for the first-time patients, mainly relies on histopathological examination of the lesion, but of course, it should also be combined with physical examination, imaging and nuclear medicine examination, blood biochemical examination, and blood and bone marrow examination results for comprehensive analysis and judgment Histopathological examination: HE stained section, adjuvant examination (immunohistochemistry, gene rearrangement, in situ hybridization, flow cytometric analysis, etc.) Other examinations. Cytopathological examination (lesion, blood, bone marrow), blood biochemical examination, physical examination, imaging (CT) and nuclear medicine (PET-CT) examination, etc. Pathological examination: a piece of lesion tissue is obtained through open surgery or endoscopic biopsy forceps or hollow-core needle puncture, sent to the pathology laboratory, made into a routine stained pathological section, observed by a pathologist under a microscope, and then examined by immunohistochemistry, etc. The final diagnosis (is it lymphoma? What kind of lymphoma is it?) This is the only way to obtain a correct diagnosis. The pathological diagnosis of lymphoma is very complicated and requires experienced pathologists to discuss with the clinic! Some people call the pathologist “the judge of clinical diagnosis”, so it can be said that the correctness of pathological diagnosis is crucial to the patient, and sometimes it can even be said that life and death are at stake. The embedding surface of the tissue is directly related to whether the section can reflect the whole picture of the lesion, thus affecting the correctness of the pathological diagnosis. The quality and staining of the tissue section are also the main reasons for the diagnostic difficulties. The quality and staining of the tissue sections also contribute to the difficulty in diagnosis. If necessary, new techniques and methods are used to assist in the diagnosis. The tumor cells seen by pathologists under the microscope are localized lesions instantaneously, and it is difficult to determine the whole process of disease changes through local momentary phenomena. For some complex and difficult diseases, repeated biopsies are needed for pathological examination to confirm the diagnosis. For lesions that are not diagnosed, clinicians can either take localized lesions by surgical incision for examination, or take direct or indirect biopsies from the surface of the organ for examination. Regardless of the method of extraction, it is necessary to obtain the lesion tissue. If the lesion tissue is not taken, or only the necrotic tissue is taken, the pathological diagnosis will not be consistent with the actual lesion. The cut tissue specimens should be immediately fixed in fixative and sent for examination on the same day. Avoid extrusion, autolysis and dryness of the tissue for examination. First, the clinician takes a detailed medical history and completes the ancillary examinations. Second, the clinician determines the site of the lesion: third, the pathologist performs tissue processing and diagnosis: early detection and early standardized diagnosis are of great importance for the treatment and prognosis of lymphoma.