Subaxial ventricular septal defect surgery in children is the repair of a ventricular septal defect close to the trunk of the aorta in children through the protocol of open-heart surgery. Ventricular septal defects are one of the most common congenital heart defects, and the exact course of correction depends on the location and caliber of the defect. Small ventricular defects may gradually heal on their own, without significant adverse effects on the heart or lungs, even if they do not heal completely. Larger defects should be treated with early surgery. There are two main methods of correcting ventricular septal defects: one is open-heart surgery, which is more traumatic and slower to recover, and is suitable for all types of ventricular defects, with a slightly higher overall success rate and a slightly lower complication rate. The other is interventional occlusion therapy, which is non-open chest, less traumatic, and quicker recovery, but has certain requirements for the location and caliber of the ventricular defect, and is not applicable to all children. For subxiphoid ventricular defects, open-heart surgery is usually used. Through surgical open-heart surgery, materials such as artificial patches and autologous pericardial tissue are used to repair the ventricular septal defect and block the abnormal channel. When a child suffers from subxiphoid ventricular septal defect, it is recommended to choose an appropriate treatment plan under the guidance of a doctor after relevant examinations and timely surgery.