Many patients, even non-specialists think that “rheumatism, rheumatoid, anti-o” …… “cut, but still confused. The rheumatologists who face these problems every day, in addition to patiently and tirelessly explain the ten thousand and one times, laughing at themselves can only “bow their heads and sigh long, alone disappointed and tears”. Is this really the case? Today I will talk about the “secrets” between “rheumatism” and “rheumatoid”. What are rheumatic diseases? Rheumatic diseases are a large group of diseases that affect bones, joints and surrounding soft tissues such as muscles, tendons, bursae and fascia. A common clinical category is diffuse connective tissue diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, dry syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis, polymyositis, scleroderma, vasculitis, etc. In addition, the second major category is crestal arthritis, including its prototypes: ankylosing crestitis, psoriatic arthritis, enteropathic arthritis, undifferentiated crestal arthritis, juvenile crestal arthritis, and reactive arthritis. The ankylosing crestitis suffered by Mr. Zhou and Mr. Zhang Jia Yi is one of these diseases. In addition, osteoarthritis, a common disease in the elderly, is degenerative osteoarthropathy, which is supposed to be the most common rheumatic disease; gout and pseudogout are related to metabolic; rheumatic fever is an infection-related rheumatic disease. “Although rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing crestitis, osteoarthritis, rheumatic fever, and gout can all have clinical manifestations of arthritis such as joint redness, swelling, heat and pain, and dysfunctional performance, they are completely different types of rheumatic diseases, and rheumatic diseases are equivalent to Chinese, but there are also people from Fujian (e.g., gout), Beijing (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), and Shanghai (e.g., osteoarthritis). osteoarthritis), etc. The difference between people from different provinces (different rheumatic diseases) is similar. What is rheumatic fever? Rheumatic fever is a systemic non-suppurative disease of connective tissue associated with group A R hemolytic streptococcal infection (i.e., antio-related) and was once one of the major diseases endangering the life and health of school-age children and adolescents. It can involve the heart, joints, central nervous system, and subcutaneous tissues, but the heart and joints are the most obvious, with clinical manifestations of cardiac inflammation, annular erythema, arthritis, chorea, and subcutaneous nodules. The lesions may be acute or chronic and recurrent, and may leave behind heart valve lesions to form chronic rheumatic heart valve disease. In the long past when antibiotics were lacking, the consequences of infection were unpredictable. A small sore throat or tonsillitis followed by what could be rheumatic fever and irreversible heart valve lesions. The arthritis of rheumatic fever does not leave joint deformities and is not terrible, but the heart valve lesions severely impair the patient’s ability to work and life expectancy. By the mid-20th century, with the widespread use of antibiotics, the incidence of rheumatic fever declined significantly worldwide. However, in the past 20 years, the incidence of rheumatic fever has rebounded, and there is a lack of specific treatment for this disease. The general principles of treatment include: early diagnosis, rational treatment, and prevention of irreversible lesions of the heart caused by the progression of the disease. Removal of streptococcal foci of infection this etiological treatment is the most important, and benzathine penicillin is currently recognized as the drug of choice. What is rheumatoid arthritis? Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a connective tissue disease of unknown etiology with chronic, symmetric, destructive, small joint involvement as the typical clinical manifestation, which may be accompanied by extra-articular organ involvement, such as interstitial lung lesions, kidney, heart, neurological damage, etc. Most patients with RA have rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP antibodies in their blood. The most important pathological mechanism of RA is the formation of subcutaneous vascular opacities in the inflammatory state and the erosion and destruction of cartilage and bone, which often leads to joint deformity and disability in severe patients without systematic treatment. Morning stiffness, swelling and pain in the wrist, metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of both hands, limitation of joint movement and even joint destruction and deformity are the most common clinical manifestations. The main goal of RA treatment is to reduce the inflammatory response of joints, inhibit the development of lesions and irreversible bone destruction, protect the function of joints and muscles as much as possible, and finally achieve the goal of complete remission or low disease activity. Treatment principles include patient education, early treatment, combination of medications, individualized treatment plans and functional exercises. The drug treatment program should follow the principle of individualization, and the drug treatment mainly includes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkillers, glucocorticoids, slow-acting drugs to improve the condition (methotrexate, leflunomide, hydroxychloroquine, salazosulfapyridine tablets, etc., of which methotrexate is currently considered as the anchor drug), biological agents and botanicals. To sum up, I believe we all understand the “secrets” between “rheumatism” and “rheumatoid”. Rheumatic diseases are a large group of diseases, rheumatoid arthritis is currently one of the common rheumatic diseases that affect young and middle-aged women, and rheumatoid arthritis, an informal term extended from rheumatic fever (rheumatoid arthritis does not have an international disease code), with the power of rheumatic heart disease and nephritis, after thousands of years, has left a deep imprint in people’s memories, so much so that the disease has gradually withdrawn from our sight for decades. The disease still has a place in the name of the disease and often bothers the public. I believe that with the strengthening and promotion of rheumatology knowledge, these misconceptions should be gradually treated differently by non-specialists and the general public.