The correct and timely treatment of foot and ankle sprains in the acute stage is crucial in the whole treatment process. The correct treatment can effectively shorten the rehabilitation cycle and avoid leaving chronic instability, weakness, repeated sprains and other sequelae, in view of the fact that many people do not understand this very well, I will answer the following common doubts. Question 1: Is ankle sprain common? Ankle sprains are the first of all joint sprains in the body, accounting for more than 80%, especially when rotating the lateral collateral ligament sprains are most common, accounting for more than 85%. It is estimated that everyone has at least one to two ankle sprains in their lifetime. Clinical statistics show that most ankle sprains are simple ligament injuries, with the main symptoms being swelling, pain, redness, local pressure, or ecchymosis and limited activity. Sudden inversion, valgus and rotational violence can cause ligament injury. Question 2: What are the consequences of poor treatment or delay? Inadequate treatment will result in long recovery time or residual sequelae: about 1/3 of patients will have residual chronic pain, chronic swelling, ankle weakness, 50% will have chronic external ankle instability prone to repeated sprains, 15% distant ankle arthritis, distant ankle inversion deformity, etc. Question 3: Should I go to the hospital to take pictures? The rapid diagnostic rule (OAR) to identify whether there is a fracture in an ankle sprain: after a sprain, if there is pain in the ankle area with one of the following three items, consider going to the hospital for an ankle film: 1. Bone pressure pain on the posterior aspect of the tip of the outer ankle or 6 cm of the distal fibula, bone pressure pain at the base of the lateral fifth metatarsal, and pressure pain on the medial navicular bone; 2. Bone pressure pain on the posterior aspect of the tip of the inner ankle or 6 cm of the distal tibia; 3. Immediately after the injury 3. Inability to stand and walk more than 4 steps by oneself both immediately after the injury and in the emergency room. Question 4: What is the severity of the injury? The anterior talofibular ligament is damaged in almost all inversion sprains. There are three degrees of damage to the lateral anterior talofibular ligament according to the degree of injury: degree I: ligament contusion, physical examination: mild swelling, ankle stability, treatment: early weight-bearing functional exercise under protection. Degree II: partial tear of the ligament, physical examination: severe swelling, slightly relaxed ankle joint, treatment: functional exercise after short-term braking. Degree III: Ligament rupture or avulsion fracture, physical examination: severe swelling, ankle instability, treatment: functional exercise after prolonged fixation, or even surgery. degree II~III generally have obvious swelling, restricted movement, ecchymosis, and pressure pain. Question 5: What should be done in the early stage? The principles of treatment for ankle sprains have evolved from the basic RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation) to the POLICEMM (protection, optimal loading, compression, compression, elevation) proposed by the European concept of integrated treatment of fractures and soft tissue injuries. ice ice, compression compression bandage, elevation elevation, modalities physiotherapy, medication medication) principles, namely: 1, P, protection protection: the first principle of treatment, that is, to protect the injured part, to avoid re-injury, means local braking, I ~ II degree braking 5-10 days, can consider elastic bandage or patching fixed, patching therapy: divided into white patch and intramuscular effect cloth patching (Kinesio Taping , K T ), white patch only has a fixed protective effect, intramuscular effect cloth patching is a use of different color markings, elastic and drug-free breathable tape, directly on the surface of the patient’s body health treatment and protection therapy, can improve blood circulation, reduce swelling and pain, promote healing It supports and stabilizes the joint, enhances proprioceptive input and does not interfere with other treatments. For Grade III injuries, a rigid brace or cast is required, which usually takes 4-6 weeks. 2.OL optimal loading optimal weight bearing: gradually increase the weight bearing ankle exercise as tolerated, and increase the exercise training during the recovery period, which can promote blood and lymphatic return, increase the range of motion of the joint, enhance proprioception, improve muscle strength, play the role of ankle pump, and prevent deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremity. 3, I ice ice: the acute period preferred cold therapy, can make the local injury of small blood vessel contraction, reduce exudation, prevent swelling too much; at the same time can also paralyze the nerve, to achieve the purpose of relieving pain, the method near to find some low temperature materials such as frozen drinks, mineral water, ice cream blocks, etc., can not be these things directly on the injury, in order to avoid frostbite, should be wrapped with thin towels or clothes one to two layers and then paste in the injury. And should be the most obvious place of injury (swelling, pain most obvious place) as the center to spread around a little, so that the cycle, the total ice time control in 15-20 minutes, generally can be 2-3 hours once, if the swelling and pain is obvious, can be every 1-2 hours ice once. If you can find in the field by the ice and water 1:1 mixture of ice and water mixture that must be excellent, because the ice and water mixture can be placed directly on the injury, and has liquidity, can be well attached to the injury. General acute injury within 48 hours after the ice, the time is relatively concept, general sports injury after the acute reaction will last for a period of time, depending on the person, if the pain and swelling is obvious, the treatment of ice can continue, even to last until the injury is fully recovered. 4.C compression compression bandage: use elastic bandage to wrap the injured ankle joint with pressure to reduce swelling, but also play a protective role, generally 4-5 days. 5.E elevation：Elevate the lower limb to the level of the heart or above, which is conducive to venous and lymphatic reflux to help reduce swelling and speed up recovery, especially important in the first 4-5 days after injury. 6.M modalities physiotherapy: recovery period (after 72 hours) medium/low frequency ultrasound, laser, magnetic therapy, acupuncture, hot compress (method is 20 minutes each time, more than 3 times a day) and other physiotherapy can accelerate blood circulation and lymphatic reflux, promote the absorption and dissipation of inflammatory substances, reduce inflammation and swelling, relieve pain and promote tissue repair. 7.M medication: If the pain is unbearable, you can apply non-steroidal painkillers such as loxoprofen sodium and herbimycin tablets under the guidance of doctors. In addition, the principles of Heat, Alcohol, Run and Massage (HARM) are also worth noting, that is, patients should not do heat therapy, drink alcohol products, run and massage in the early 72 hours after the injury. In summary, acute ankle sprain should be taken seriously after the injury, and those who need to take a film in problem 3 need to go to the hospital for examination and fixation, and those who do not need to go to the hospital can treat themselves according to the above POLICEMM program instead of taking the HARM program. For ankle sprain, the acute treatment and functional exercise is important, but more important is the prevention of sports injuries, strong sports injury prevention awareness, such as wearing the right shoes, warm-up exercises before exercise, clean up the sports field, wear ankle protection and protective patch tie and other foot and ankle protection, I hope to see you all in my clinic Oh!