A normal adult is considered to have increased cranial pressure if it exceeds 1,96 kPa (200 mmH2O). Intracranial hypertension can be caused by intracranial occupying lesions, intracranial infectious diseases, cranioencephalic injury, cerebral hypoxia, etc. The diagnosis of increased intracranial pressure can be generally established when there are typical “three main signs” of headache, vomiting and optic papilloedema, and a thorough history and neurological examination should be conducted. For intracranial diseases without typical clinical manifestations of increased intracranial pressure, some focal symptoms and signs, such as rapidly increasing head circumference in infants, progressive headache, epilepsy, progressive sensorimotor disorders, hearing and visual impairment in adults, suggest the possible presence of intracranial occupying lesions. The following tests can help to clarify the diagnosis and differential diagnosis as early as possible. 1.Electron computed tomography is a non-invasive test, which is the preferred test for the diagnosis of intracranial occupying lesions, and can make localized diagnosis of most intracranial occupying lesions. 2.Magnetic resonance imaging The resolution is higher than the stare for three-dimensional imaging, which can show the lesion more clearly and help to confirm the diagnosis. 3.Cerebral angiography Mainly used for cerebral vascular malformation or cerebral aneurysm, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) makes angiography safer, and the image is clearer and the disease detection rate is high. 4.Lumbar puncture The changes of intracranial pressure can be observed through gum puncture manometry, and the biochemical indexes of cerebrospinal fluid, such as sugar, chloride, cell count and protein content, can be detected at the same time. Lumbar puncture has the risk of inducing brain sores for occupying lesions in the annoyance, and the indications and contraindications should be noted. 5.Cranial X-ray can show signs of chronic intracranial pressure increase, such as separation of bone sutures, increased pressure traces in the cerebral gyrus, and enlargement of the pterygoid saddle, etc.5 It is valuable for intracranial saddle area calcification and enlargement of the internal auditory canal hole, etc.