A normal adult is considered to have increased cranial pressure if it exceeds 1.96 kPa (200 mmH2O). Intracranial occupational lesions, intracranial infectious diseases, cranial injury, cerebral hypoxia, etc. can all cause intracranial hypertension. Headache is a common symptom of intracranial hypertension, which is mild at first, but worsens later, and is persistent, paroxysmal, and aggravated in the early morning. The headache is often unrelated to the site of lesion, mostly in the forehead and both temporal, and the headache of posterior cranial fossa occupying lesion can be located in the posterior occipital region. In acute intracranial pressure increase, the headache is extremely severe because of acute obstruction of the ventricular system. Intra-tumor hemorrhage can produce sudden and severe headache. 2.Vomiting Vomiting is not as common as headache, but it may be the only complaint of patients with chronic intracranial hypertension. The typical manifestation of vomiting is jet vomiting, which is not related to diet but to the severity of headache. Lesions located in the posterior cranial fossa and the fourth ventricle are more likely to cause vomiting. Optic nerve papilloedema Optic nerve papilloedema is the most objective and important sign of increased intracranial pressure. Although there are typical fundus findings, patients mostly have no obvious self-conscious symptoms, usually only transient blurred vision, abnormal color vision, or transient loss of vision. These visual symptoms last only a few seconds, and rarely up to about 30 seconds, and are called amblyopia episodes. Amblyopic episodes commonly occur in the late stages of increased chronic intracranial pressure and often parallel the degree of headache. If amblyopia attacks are frequent, it suggests that the increased intracranial pressure persists and eventually leads to permanent loss of vision. 4. Other symptoms There may be dizziness, tinnitus, irritability, drowsiness, seizures, abducens nerve palsy, diplopia and other symptoms. In severe cases of intracranial hypertension, there are changes in vital signs: elevated blood pressure, slowed pulse and respiration. The elevated blood pressure is a compensatory effect of the regulatory mechanism to maintain the cerebral blood supply, and the slow breathing may be caused by the dysfunction of the medullary respiratory center. The changes in vital signs are dangerous signs of increased intracranial pressure, and the occurrence of cerebral herniation should be alerted. 5, brain herniation Both acute and chronic intracranial pressure increase can cause brain herniation. The former occurs faster, sometimes in a few hours, while the latter occurs slowly, or even not at all.