Menstruation is a “barometer” of women’s health, so it is important for women to know and pay attention to this “aunt” that comes every month. By observing menstruation, women can have a general idea of their reproductive health. Normal menstruation represents regular ovulation and normal ovaries, uterus and vagina, which means that all levels of ovarian regulation (including the brain and other endocrine glands) are functioning normally. If other body functions (such as abnormal thyroid and pancreatic functions or poor nutrition, mental stress, etc.) are present, they can affect menstruation. Once menstruation becomes abnormal, it is indicative of a disease in some area of the body. Common diseases associated with abnormal menstruation include premature ovarian failure, hyperprolactinemia, polycystic ovary syndrome, polyps, tumors, etc. The normal menstruation depends on three elements ① Normal cycle: usually 24-35 days. Menstrual cycle <21 days is frequent menstruation, >35 days is scanty menstruation, both of which are signs of abnormal menstrual cycle. ② Normal menstrual period: refers to the first day of menstruation to the last day of complete cleanliness, usually lasting 3-7 days. ③Normal menstrual flow: the bleeding volume of the whole period is 30-80ml, more than 100ml is excessive menstruation, about one packet of medium volume sanitary napkin each time is almost enough, if too much (more than 3 packets) or too little (only a few pieces for the whole period) are not normal. Many parents think, “My daughter is still in puberty, irregular menstruation is normal, don’t worry, it will be fine when she gets married.” In this regard, “This perception is a misconception!” Relevant survey data show that 3 years after menarche, regular menstruation accounted for 82.3%. Then, 17.8% of women with irregular menstruation were tested, and most of them had endocrine or metabolic abnormalities. Therefore, irregular menstruation during adolescence should be taken equally seriously. Pay attention to the age of the ovaries, 35-37 years old is the turning point of fertility “The delicate beauty of a woman’s face and breasts depends on reproductive health, if the face is the flower and the breast is the leaf, then the ovaries and other reproductive organs behind the menstruation are the roots of a woman. Only by taking care of the roots can you be healthy for life.” However, the ovaries (fertility) are not “inexhaustible”. The best time for women to have children is limited, their fertility reserves are depleted, and aging ovaries are prone to infertility, so it is important to promote age-appropriate fertility and fertility care. Data show that female fertility decreases with age – 11% of women older than 34 will not have children; 33% of women older than 39 will not be able to conceive. According to statistics from the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Reproductive Center at Sun Yat-sen University last year, assisted conception patients aged 35-39 had a clinical pregnancy rate of 54 percent and a miscarriage rate of 7.7 percent; those older than 43 had a pregnancy rate of only 11 percent but a miscarriage rate of 30 percent. “It is hard to conceive in the first place, and it is easy to miscarry when it is easy to conceive, that’s how cruel the fact is!” Women experience a steep decline in fertility between the ages of 35 and 37, a turning point in fertility. She describes that some infertile patients are resigned to being told that their ovarian reserve is low, and they say, “I’ve always had normal periods, so why can’t I get pregnant?” In fact, 10-15 years before menopause, i.e. between the ages of 35 and 37, many women are still menstruating, but their fertility has begun to decline because their ovaries are aging and the number and quality of follicles are decreasing. Modern women often struggle with the question of whether to get promoted first or to give birth first, because they are not young, but the opportunity for promotion is just around the corner. You can first do ovarian age determination, if the age of the ovaries is still young, you can choose to first “promotion”, later can still have children; but if the age of the ovaries have begun to age, low fertility potential, first “birth” is undoubtedly the best policy. Otherwise, you may lose the opportunity to be “born” after the “promotion”, and then you will regret it. ”The aging of the ovaries is irreversible at the moment. Nowadays, some patients find out that their ovaries are not functioning well, so they drink Chinese medicine for two years to regulate their bodies and then come back to us for help with pregnancy, which is a missed opportunity.” What should we do then? There is no other way but to “seize the time”! Because fertility is declining at this time, the sooner you take the right steps to help you conceive, the easier it will be to succeed. For example, we can take a blood test to determine the age of the ovaries and actively seek medical help in choosing the right fertility technique to fulfill our desire to have children. Endometriosis has three major characteristics Endometriosis (endometriosis) is a common gynecological condition. Comparing the endometrium to a seed, “the seed is shed to the pelvis, ovarian surface, and peritoneal surface, and then locally takes root, germinates, grows, and forms a mass or cyst locally. If the endometrium is planted in the ureter or bladder, you will have hematuria, frequent and urgent urination when you have your period; if it is planted in the intestines, you will have blood in the stool. Many people initially think they have a malignant tumor in the intestine or urinary tract, only to go to the hospital for a CT examination and find out that it is not cancer but endometriosis that is responsible. Patients usually have 3 main symptoms – pain, infertility and easy recurrence. 70% to 80% of endometriosis patients have varying degrees of pain. The pain is different from normal menstrual pain, which is usually a vague pain in the lower abdomen that clears up after a few hours. However, the pain caused by endometriosis worsens with the development of the disease, and the pain becomes more and more pronounced, and in severe cases, there is painful intercourse and painful stool. In addition, endometriosis tends to cause infertility, with 40% to 50% of patients suffering from combined infertility. Many patients experience menstrual abnormalities, such as prolonged menstruation, mid-cycle bleeding or premenstrual bleeding. Therefore, women with infertility need to be concerned about whether they have endometriosis. Endometriosis can be treated by surgery, drugs, interventions, herbal medicine and adjuvant therapy (e.g. assisted reproductive technology), but as long as menopause does not occur and ovarian function is still present, the recurrence rate is still as high as 30-60% even after drug control or surgery. There are many symptoms of menopause, including insomnia and forgetfulness, anxiety and irritability, and hot and sweaty flashes. She stresses that many women who experience menopausal symptoms always put up with them, thinking that they will pass slowly and do not need to see a doctor. In fact, different symptoms of menopause represent changes in different organs: hot flashes and sweating belong to the cardiovascular system and sensory abnormalities; skin anxiety belongs to the nervous system; sexual life and urinary tract infections belong to the reproductive and urinary systems; bone and joint pain and muscle pain belong to the skeletal and muscular systems; insomnia, agitation, depression and suspicion belong to the mental system… …She stressed that when problems arise, health guidance and functional rehabilitation, medication (such as hormone supplementation and non-hormonal medications to relieve symptoms) should be sought, all of which can relieve symptoms. Those with severe symptoms need to be referred to a specialist or for comprehensive multidisciplinary treatment. Currently, Sun Yat Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University offers a one-day clinic for menopausal health guidance to facilitate timely consultation and treatment for menopausal women.