1. Does alcohol increase the risk of cancer? The answer is yes. Alcohol consumption significantly increases the risk of oral cancer, throat cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer and breast cancer, especially when it is combined with tobacco. If women do not consume enough folic acid, the risk of breast cancer is higher. 2.What are the specific effects of various vitamin supplements on fighting cancer? There is no conclusive evidence that they have significant cancer prevention effects. It is still recommended to take these essential substances from natural foods, such as vegetables and fruits, rather than from so-called nutritional products. 3. Do sweeteners cause cancer? There is no evidence that they are associated with cancer development. 4. Is genetically modified organisms (GMOs) safe to eat? There is no evidence that they are associated with cancer occurrence or reduction of cancer occurrence. 5. What is the relationship between calcium and cancer? Foods high in calcium can help reduce the incidence of colon and rectal cancer, but there is also evidence that it is associated with the development of highly aggressive prostate cancer. Therefore, a calcium supplement dose of 1 gram per day is recommended for people aged 19 to 50 years, and 1.2 grams per day for those over 50 years. Calcium intake from green leafy vegetables and low-fat dairy products is recommended. 6.Does coffee cause cancer? There is no evidence that coffee is carcinogenic, and the conclusion that coffee can increase breast cancer and pancreatic cancer, which was once believed by the public, has not been proven. 7.What is the relationship between fat and cancer? Excessive intake of fat can lead to obesity and increase the risk of cancer, some saturated fats may have negative effects, but there is no conclusive evidence that olive oil and vegetable oil have any special cancer prevention benefits. 8.What are the effects of edible fiber supplements? Both soluble and insoluble fiber have the effect of lowering blood lipids, but the effect of cancer prevention is weak. 9.Do fish products prevent cancer? Fish products are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been shown to have cancer prevention and growth inhibition effects in animal experiments, but whether they have similar effects in humans has not been determined. Fish can help prevent cardiovascular disease, but because some fish have been deep underwater and contain relatively high levels of heavy metals and other environmental pollutants, pregnant women, nursing mothers and infants should reduce their consumption of these fish. 10.Can fluoride cause cancer? The answer is no. A lot of rigorous experiments have been conducted on fluoride toothpaste, caries treatment drugs and fluoridated water, and the results do not show any carcinogenic risk. 11.Can folic acid prevent cancer? Folic acid is a vitamin B substance found in many vegetables, legumes, fruits and cereals. Its deficiency can lead to an increased incidence of colon and rectal cancer and breast cancer, especially for alcoholics. Folic acid supplementation is recommended from natural foods. 12.Do preservative food additives cause cancer? These substances currently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in the food industry are not carcinogenic. 13.Does garlic prevent cancer? There is no conclusive evidence. 14.Does food irradiated by radiation cause cancer? No. The purpose of radiation exposure is to kill harmful microorganisms in food. 15.Do processed and preserved foods cause cancer? Excessive consumption of processed and preserved foods leads to an increased incidence of stomach cancer and colon and rectal cancer. These foods contain many cancer-causing chemicals, especially high-temperature fried and fried meat, which should be avoided as much as possible. 16.Can olive oil prevent cancer? Olive oil is a healthy alternative to cream and can reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. There is no significant correlation with cancer. 17.What is the relationship between organic food and cancer? Organic food refers to plant-based food free of pesticides and artificial genetic alterations, and has no significant correlation with cancer. 18.Do pesticides and herbicides cause cancer? Although these substances are toxic to some extent, the results of numerous studies have not proved that they have increased the risk of cancer. 19.Does saccharin cause cancer? The answer is no. Animal studies do show that high doses of saccharin can cause bladder stone formation in rats, which can lead to bladder cancer, but it does not cause similar lesions in humans. The National Institute of Toxicology has removed it from the list of human carcinogenic chemicals. 20.Does a diet high in salt cause cancer? In some countries and regions where salt-cured foods are customarily consumed in large quantities, the incidence of stomach, nasopharyngeal and laryngeal cancers is higher, but there is no risk of cancer from the moderate use of salt in the daily diet. 21.Can selenium reduce the occurrence of cancer? Selenium is a mineral with antioxidant effect. Animal experiments have shown that it can reduce the incidence of lung cancer, colon cancer and prostate cancer. However, there are no rigorous research results yet. It is not advocated to consume large amounts of its additives, and if consumed, do not exceed 200 micrograms per day. 22. Can soy products reduce the incidence of cancer? Soy products are an excellent source of protein and a meat substitute, but there is no definite cause-and-effect relationship with cancer risk reduction. Since beans contain estrogen-like substances, breast cancer patients should avoid excessive consumption or consume artificially made pills and powders as substitutes. 23.What is the risk of excessive sugar consumption to the body? Excessive consumption of sugar can lead to obesity and diabetes and indirectly increase the incidence of cancer. Therefore, it is recommended to minimize the consumption of sugar and candy, pastries and beverages that contain very high sugar content. 24.Do multivitamin and mineral supplement pills have the effect of reducing cancer incidence? These substances do not have anti-cancer effects and natural foods are the best source to consume these substances. Even if you take such pills, you should follow your doctor’s advice and not exceed the daily dose. 25.Can tea prevent cancer? Animal experiments show that tea (such as green tea) can reduce the occurrence of certain cancers, but there is no research data to confirm this. 26.Is there any difference in nutrition between fresh, frozen and canned vegetables and fruits? Fresh vegetables and fruits are the most nutritious and have the effect of reducing the occurrence of oral, esophageal, stomach, lung and colorectal cancers when consumed in large quantities. The nutrients are best preserved by microwave and steamed cooking methods. A large and varied consumption of vegetables and fruits is recommended. However, there is no conclusion that a vegan diet has a significant effect on reducing the risk of cancer. Vegans should take care to add vitamin B, zinc and iron, which are especially important for children and premenopausal women. 27.Does vitamin A reduce cancer incidence? There is no definite conclusion. In fact, high doses of vitamin A can increase the risk of lung cancer in smokers. 28.Does vitamin C reduce the incidence of cancer? The consumption of vegetables and fruits containing a lot of vitamin C has cancer prevention effects, but taking vitamin C tablets alone is not effective. 29.Does vitamin D reduce the occurrence of cancer? Epidemiological data show that it has some effect on reducing the risk of colon cancer, prostate cancer and breast cancer (no randomized controlled study yet). It is recommended to obtain vitamin D through a balanced diet and to avoid excessive exposure to sunlight. The daily dose of vitamin D should be in the range of 200 to 2000 mg. 30. Does vitamin E reduce the occurrence of cancer? Vitamin E is an effective and powerful antioxidant, and has been shown to reduce the incidence of prostate cancer in smokers. However, there is no definite research conclusion on other effects. 31. Can water and juice reduce the incidence of cancer? Drinking a lot of water can dilute the concentration of urine and toxic substances in the bladder, thus reducing the incidence of bladder cancer, and even some data suggest that it is beneficial to prevent colon cancer. It is recommended to drink at least 8 glasses of water daily. Note: Juice can provide a lot of water and nutrients, but it contains very little fiber, so it should not be used as a substitute for eating vegetables and fruits.