Thyroid surgery is a risky surgical procedure and there are many patients who undergo thyroid surgery. In order to facilitate patients to have timely knowledge about the physical changes brought about by the surgery, so as to facilitate the acceptance of the surgery and quick recovery, our surgical team has specially prepared a concise guide for patients undergoing surgery. Pre-operative precautions: 1. Chronic diseases and commonly used medications must be informed to the doctor, and surgery can only be performed when the condition is under stable control. 2, such as long-term use of anticoagulant drugs (such as aspirin, Poliovel, etc.) must be discontinued for more than one week before surgery. 3.Female patients of childbearing age should avoid menstrual period on the operation day. 4.Practice the position for 2 hours a day for 3 days before surgery to facilitate post-operative recovery: lie flat on the bed, put soft pillows under the neck and shoulders, and keep the head properly tilted back. 5.Fast food and water after 22:00 on the day before surgery. Eating or drinking a lot of water before surgery will become a contraindication to surgery. 6, such as long-term use of antihypertensive drugs in the morning of the day of surgery with a small amount of drinking water normal take. Post-operative precautions: 1. At least 1-2 days of hospitalization are required for observation after surgery, and the time of discharge depends on the recovery situation. 2, voice changes, may be related to vocal cord edema, increased airway secretions, impaired nerve function, is a common situation in thyroid surgery, within one year after surgery are likely to recover, there are also some patients can not restore the normal tone. 3. Symptoms of numbness and twitching of the hands, feet and face are related to hypoparathyroidism, which is also a common condition of thyroid surgery and usually recovers within one month after surgery, while a few patients can have this symptom for a long time. 4.Choking and coughing when drinking or eating is a postoperative reaction of some patients, which can mostly be relieved by themselves. 5.Dizziness and headache, neck, shoulder and low back discomfort, usually related to the surgical position, can be relieved on their own within a few days. 6.Pain in the pharynx and incision, swallowing effort and increased airway secretion are normal postoperative reactions and can be gradually relieved. 7, early postoperative fever is often present, generally not more than 38.5 ℃, physical cooling method can be used, more can be self-relieved. 8.A light diet within one week, avoid overheated and hard food, and please pay attention to blood sugar control for diabetic patients. 9.More often than not, surgery will cause thyroid insufficiency, which requires long-term thyroxine treatment. 10.The final diagnosis is based on the post-operative pathological diagnosis. If the post-operative pathological diagnosis does not match the pre-operative intra-operative diagnosis, another surgical treatment may be required according to the condition.