Pre-operative precautions: 1. Chronic diseases and commonly used drugs must be informed to the doctor, and the surgery can be performed only when the condition is stable and controlled. 2, such as long-term use of anticoagulant drugs must be stopped for more than a week before surgery. 3.Female patients of childbearing age should avoid menstrual period on the operation day. 4.Practice the position for 2 hours a day for 3 days before surgery to facilitate post-operative recovery: lie flat on the bed, put soft pillows under the neck and shoulders, and keep the head properly tilted back. 5.Fast food and water after 22:00 on the day before surgery. Eating or drinking a lot of water before surgery will become a contraindication to surgery. 6, such as long-term use of antihypertensive drugs in the morning of the day of surgery with a small amount of drinking water normal take. Post-operative precautions: 1. At least 3-5 days of hospitalization are required for observation after surgery, and the time of discharge depends on the recovery situation. 2, voice changes, which may be related to vocal cord edema, increased airway secretions, and impaired nerve function, are common in thyroid surgery and may recover within 3-6 months after surgery, and some patients are unable to recover normal tone. 3. Symptoms of numbness and twitching in the hands, feet and face are related to hypoparathyroidism, which is also a common complication after thyroid surgery and usually recovers within 2 weeks-2 months after surgery; there are a few patients who can have this symptom for a long time. 4. Choking and coughing when drinking or eating are mostly caused by impaired function of the supraglottic nerve. It is recommended to eat more semi-liquid or solid and drink less water, which will be relieved by itself within 2 weeks. 5.Dizziness and headache, neck, shoulder and low back discomfort, usually related to the surgical position, can be relieved on their own within a few days. 6.Pain in the pharynx and incision, swallowing effort and increased airway secretions are normal postoperative reactions and can be gradually relieved. 7, early postoperative fever is often present, generally not more than 38.5 ℃, physical cooling method can be used, more can be self-relieved. 8.A light diet within one week, avoid overheated and hard food, diabetic patients please pay attention to control blood sugar. 9.Lobectomy of thyroid gland will mostly cause thyroid function deficiency, which requires lifelong thyroxine replacement therapy. 10.The final diagnosis is based on the post-operative pathological diagnosis. If the post-operative pathological diagnosis does not match the pre-operative intra-operative diagnosis, re-surgical treatment may be required depending on the condition. 11.A few patients with malignant combined lymph node metastasis or invasion of surrounding tissues and organs need to undergo I131 internal radiation therapy after surgery.