Contraindications to laparoscopy 1. Severe cardiovascular disease and pulmonary insufficiency. 2, Various types of intestinal obstruction and diffuse peritonitis. 3, Umbilical hernia, diaphragmatic hernia, abdominal wall hernia, inguinal hernia or femoral hernia. 4, abdominal masses larger than 4 months of gestation or those in middle or late pregnancy. 5, Coagulation dysfunction, hematologic disease, etc. 6.Persons with previous history of abdominal surgery, extensive abdominal wall scars or extensive intra-abdominal adhesions. 7, those with excessive obesity or excessive wasting. 8, confined peritonitis. 9, Women older than 60 years old.