The drugs used to reduce swelling, also known as diuretics, generally include the following four types: 1. collaterals diuretics, mainly acting on the cortical part of the ascending thick segment of the medullary collaterals of the kidney, inhibit the active reabsorption of sodium chloride, commonly used drugs are furosemide, torasemide, bumetanide. 2. thiazide diuretics, mainly acting on the distal convoluted tubule, reduce sodium and chloride reabsorption, promote the excretion of sodium chloride and water, commonly used drugs include hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide and metolazone. 3. 3. potassium-protective diuretics, which act on the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts to inhibit sodium reabsorption and reduce potassium secretion, commonly used are spironolactone, and the above three are available in oral form. 4. osmotic diuretics, also known as mannitol, which are available only in intravenous form without oral form.