Functional dyspepsia (hereinafter referred to as FD) occurs in 20% to 40% of the normal population and accounts for about 50% of the outpatients in the Department of Gastroenterology. It is mainly manifested by the symptoms of fullness, belching, vague pain, early satiety, heartburn, anorexia, etc. It belongs to the category of fullness, stomach pain and noisy in Chinese medicine. Using the experience of Professor Li Shoushan, a nationally renowned veteran Chinese medicine practitioner, identify and treat FD with remarkable efficacy, which is described below. 1, deficiency in the middle, spleen for the outline of the deficiency in the spleen and stomach, transport and transformation of the failure, the stomach slow, slow emptying, is the key to the pathogenesis of FD. The spleen and the stomach, one organ and one internal organ, one ascending and one descending, one nourishing and one transforming, are mutually restrained and coordinated. “The spleen should ascend to be healthy, and the stomach should descend to be harmonious. The two together perform the functions of receiving, transporting and nourishing the muscles of the water and grain essence of the latter day. As the saying goes, “If the vital energy in the stomach is strong, then it can eat without injury” (The Essential Readings of the Medical Doctor), “The spleen should be flesh, and if the flesh is firm and large, the stomach is thick” (Ling Shu? The spleen should respond to the flesh. Five evils”), this is also known as. If the spleen qi is weak, the health of the transport failure, transport and transformation is weak, can not for the stomach to move its fluid, can not glory muscle thick stomach, the clear gas does not rise, turbid gas does not descend, the stomach is slow and weak, “the lower tube about unfavorable”, slow emptying, and see the stomach yard full, aggravated after eating, reduced food, tiredness and weakness, the tongue light fat coating white, the pulse is weak and thin or moist and thin evidence. The treatment is to promote the strengthening of the spleen as the outline, and to regulate the Qi to eliminate the lumpiness. Self-formulated effective formula to tonify the middle of the body and eliminate gangrene. Medicines used: Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, Radix Astragali, Radix Cinnamomum Cassiae, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Citrus Aurantium, Radix Bupleuri, Rhizoma Atractylodes Macrocephala, Radix Glycyrrhiza Uralensis, Radix Ginger and Jujube. In this formula, ginseng, astragalus, art and herbs tonify the middle and benefit the qi, strengthen the spleen and stomach, increase the power of the stomach muscle, and are the main medicines to tonify the deficiency in the spleen and stomach; Chai Hu and Citrus aurantium harmonize the middle and regulate the qi, strengthen the gastrointestinal motility and promote gastric emptying, and are used in combination with Bai Zhu to eliminate and tonify both, so as to help the pivotal mechanism of ascending the clear and lowering the turbidity. The combined use of all the drugs can achieve the effect of tonifying the middle and eliminating gangrene. Add and subtract according to the evidence. For example, if there is hidden pain in the epigastrium, add puisne skin and Buddha’s hand; for dysmenorrhea, add wide mucuna pruriens and yujin; for early satiety, add neijin, fried grain and wheat sprouts. This type of patients account for most of the FD, the diagnosis and treatment process, should never forget to strengthen the spleen of the program, the treatment of the disease to seek the root, often get good results. The main pathological changes that lead to FD are stagnation and failure. The stagnation is caused by “qi stagnation, dampness, food stagnation, fire stagnation, blood stasis.” Qi stagnation is the main cause of the disease. Because the spleen and stomach qi transportation often depends on the liver wood to drain, if the liver is not in order, then the spleen and stomach nourishment and transformation is not normal, resulting in wood depression and soil congestion, liver and spleen disharmony or liver qi offending the stomach. Symptoms: fullness and swelling with pain, which may stop from time to time, often due to emotional discomfort or satiety, belching and reduction, loose bowel movements, thin and greasy tongue coating, and stringy pulse. As the “blood evidence of the theory of” cloud: “the nature of wood is mainly in the drainage, food gas into the stomach, all rely on the liver wood gas to drain the water and grain is transformed, set the liver of the clear Yang does not rise, it can not drain the water and grain, seepage and diarrhea in the fullness of the evidence, inevitable”. The treatment is to dredge the liver to eliminate the lumpiness and move the qi to guide the stagnation, and to apply the empirical formula Shu Liver and Stomach Tang. Herbs used: Chai Hu, Citrus aurantium, Paeonia lactiflora, Curcuma longa, Radix Aromaticae, Bi Cheng Jia, Glycyrrhiza glabra, etc. In this formula, Chai Hu is used to clear the liver and relieve depression; Citrus aurantium moves Qi and disperses stagnation; the two herbs, one ascending and one descending, elevate the clear and subdue turbidity to eliminate the subcardiac gangrene; Xiang Shen and Curcuma longa, move Qi and eliminate stagnation; together with Curcuma longa, invigorate Blood and induce stagnation. The combination of all the drugs can help to clear the liver and stomach, regulate qi and open up depression. The combination of all the herbs can achieve the effect of draining the liver and stomach, regulating qi and opening up stagnation. If “spleen dampness has surplus, abdominal fullness and food does not dissolve” (The Secret Collection of the Orchid Room? If the qi stagnates and turns into fire, with heartburn, acidity, bitterness in the mouth and yellow moss, add fried gardenia, dandruff, squid bone, etc.; if the long-standing disease enters the ligament, with qi stagnation and blood stasis, with stabbing pain in the stomach and epigastrium, dull red tongue or petechiae, with thick and long veins under the tongue, add ling fat, pu huang, etc. Most of the cases of this type belong to deficiency of the root and the symptoms. In the case of symptomatic reality, qi stagnation is the main obstacle, so the treatment should be to treat the symptom first, to dredge the liver and relieve depression as the key, to pass as the method. Just as the “Medical Zhengzhuan” cloud: “pass is not pain, the reason is also, but the method of pass, there are different, adjusting the gas to and blood pass also, on the contrary to make the lower line, in the knot to make the side to reach, also pass”, as long as flexible grasp, examine the cause of treatment, repeatedly have miraculous results. As the saying goes, “when you see the disease of gangrene, you should first dredge the liver”, which is also the most sensible saying. 3, hot and cold mixed, reconciliation and lowering the rebellious FD long course of the disease, if prolonged failure to treat, the spleen does not rise clear, the stomach does not lower turbidity, clear and turbid mixed, and finally lead to stomach heat and spleen cold. Cold is condensation and impassable, heat is congestion and loss of descent. The mixture of cold and heat in the stomach is not suitable, resulting in rebellious peristalsis of the stomach and intestines, not descending and reversing, and the stomach is stuffy and distended, chagrin in the heart, noisy and uncomfortable, pain in the epigastrium when hungry, fullness and distension after meals, bitterness in the mouth and sticky mouth, reduction in the amount of food, unpleasant stools, thin and greasy moss, smooth pulse. The treatment is to harmonize cold and heat, to reconcile and subdue rebelliousness, and to use the empirical formula Hezhong Anti-Puffiness Tang as a remedy. Herbs used: Radix Codonopsis, Radix Panax notoginseng, Radix Huanglian, Radix Ginger, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Notoginseng, Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhiza Uralensis, etc. Among them, Huang Lian and Ginger are pungent, open and bitter, and are the main herbs to harmonize the middle and eliminate abnormalities; Ginger and Licorice are pungent and sweet to help Spleen-Yang and dissolve the evil of cold and dampness; Dandelion is bitter and stomach-healthy to clear the heat in the stomach, and Clove, Incense and Semen Aromatic are pungent and warm to help Yang, regulate Qi and subdue rebelliousness to eliminate abnormalities. The combination of these drugs can harmonize cold and heat, lower the rebellion and harmonize the middle. For those with cold stomach, add cinnamon; for burning pain and dry mouth, add lily of the valley and dendrobium; for yelp and vexation, add Buddha’s hand and heliotrope shell. Ultimately make the cold and heat appropriate, yin and yang through, ascending to ascend, descending to descend, up and down without hindrance, qi flow, then the disease will be cured. 4, astringent stagnation of the valley, nourishing yin and moisten the lower aged yin deficiency, or long-term disease, qi and yin deficiency, the esophagus, stomach, intestinal fluids with less, the stomach complex loss of nourishment, diet water and grain is difficult to decompose and transport. That is, “lack of water in the kettle, it is difficult to cook”. When the gastric juice is dried up, the grain is astringent, the water and grain are not moistened, and it is difficult to go down, then “no water boat stops”, and “if it does not pass, it hurts”. The clinical manifestations are hidden pain in the stomach and epigastrium, fullness and discomfort, hunger and lack of desire to eat, dry mouth and lack of desire to drink, irritable heat and dry vomiting, reduction of nasal and bowel movements, red tongue with little fluid or light flaking and cracking, and fine pulse. According to Master Li, “Taiyin damp earth is transported by Yang, while Yangming dry earth is rested by Yin. and “Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach? The theory that “the stomach’s deficiency is only nourished by damp things.” The theory of “The Stomach is deficient, only dampness can nourish it” is proposed to clear the middle and eliminate the lumpiness. Herbs used: prunus ginseng, maitake, umeboshi, saxifrage, yu zhu, dendrobium, raw white peony, gardenia, tannin, licorice. To nourish yin and moisten the lower part of the body, to produce fluid and clear the middle. For symptoms with dry mouth and spicy tongue, add Huang Lian and Sheng Di; for Qi rebellion and pharyngeal stagnation, add Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati and Sheng Ochre; for pain in the dorsum and back, add Lily and Wu Yao. In general, the “wet stuff” moisten the stomach, adapt the use of drugs, so that the fluid to restore, the grain channel lubrication, then the water and grain can move, nano-chemical fluent, the blockage will be removed. In addition, the current domestic Chinese medicine sector does not pay enough attention to FD, the endoscopic mucosal mild changes are attributed to the scope of chronic gastritis, resulting in increased psychological pressure on the patient, fear of cancer indiscriminate treatment, aggravating the disease, but also resulting in drug waste. Therefore, Li believes that those with dyspeptic syndrome and mild endoscopic inflammation of the gastric and duodenal mucosa should still be included in the FD range. In the treatment, we should examine the causes, select the prescriptions reasonably, take the advantages of TCM in treating functional diseases, and coordinate the functions of the gastrointestinal tract, which can often achieve good results. 5. Typical case Wang, male, 46 years old, was first diagnosed on 1996-12-10. History of gastric disease for 6 years. Usually fullness in the stomach, fullness and distension, especially after eating, often attacked by eating cold and hard products. Gastroscopy showed that the mucosa of the gastric sinus was red and white, with the red phase predominant, and the mucosa of the anterior pylorus was slightly rough with fine granular hyperplasia. Ultrasound examination: liver, bile, spleen and pancreas were normal. In the past 2 weeks, the symptoms have worsened, and he is afraid to eat, accompanied by body fatigue and weakness, with a pale tongue and thin white coating, and a sunken and stringent pulse. The evidence belongs to deficiency in the middle and stagnant qi and deregulation of elevation. The treatment is to tonify the middle and eliminate gangrene, and regulate Qi and channel stagnation. The medicine used is: Radix Codonopsis pilosulae 15, Radix Astragali 30, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae and Citrus Aurantium 15 each, Radix Paeoniae Alba and Rhizoma Curcumae 15 each, Radix Cinnamomi 6, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 5, Radix Bupleurum Chinense 10, Radix Foetida 15, Radix Glycyrrhiza Uralensis 6g, and Ginger and Jujube. After 6 doses, the symptoms of fullness were relieved. The disease gradually healed with a small amount of fruits and cold drinks and did not recur.