What is lumbar disc herniation Simply put, it is lumbar pain caused by rupture of the lumbar disc annulus fibrosus and radicular pain in the lower extremities caused by compression of the nerves after herniation. Lumbar disc herniation occurs in young and middle-aged people, and is more common in strong manual laborers, teachers and drivers. It manifests itself as lumbar pain plus leg pain, recurring, aggravated by exertion and cold, and relieved by rest. Coughing and sneezing trigger back and leg pain, and bending is limited. Severe cases may cause sudden paralysis, bilateral lower limb weakness, urinary and faecal disorders, medically known as acute cauda equina syndrome. The mechanism of lumbar disc herniation causing low back and leg pain has the following four aspects: 1. Chemical irritation. 2, Immune response. 3, Mechanical compression. 4, Blood transportation disorder. Aseptic inflammation with aggregation of inflammatory mediators is the common pathological basis. Classical treatment are: 1, lying hard bed rest. 2, Traditional Chinese medicine ion introduction physiotherapy. 3, Electromagnetic field physiotherapy. 4.Orally take Chinese patent medicine Tongpao capsule 4 capsules 3 times a day. 5.Oral western medicine celecoxib capsule 1 capsule once a day. 6.Static danshen to improve nerve microcirculation. 7.Sedation of mannitol dehydration to reduce intravertebral pressure. 8.Dexamethasone shock to block inflammation and eliminate edema. Applicable people of surgical treatment: 1. Severe pain and ineffective conservative treatment for 3 months. 2.The appearance of lower extremity muscle weakness or numbness that can not be eliminated. Acute cauda equina syndrome: incontinence or paralysis. 4, Lumbar disc herniation combined with lumbar spine instability. 5, Huge type lumbar disc herniation. 6, Extremely lateral type lumbar disc herniation. 1 Simple nucleus pulposus removal surgery Advantages: small injury, the wound is about 5cm. Less cost, cost about 6000. Recovery is fast, you can go to work after 4-6 weeks of rest. Disadvantages: 1, easy to recur, months to 10 years in situ recurrence. 2.Decrease in stability of lumbar spine, there will be different degrees of lumbar pain and discomfort in labor. 2.Medullary nucleus pulposus removal fixation and fusion – the most mature effect is most certain. Advantages: 1. Decompression is complete, and the nucleus pulposus is removed cleanly to ensure the effect. 2. 2, never recur after fusion. 3.Stable lumbar spine after fixation, no lumbar pain and discomfort caused by lumbar spine instability during labor. Disadvantages: 1, the recovery period is long, bedridden for 1-2 weeks, restriction of activities for 6 weeks, after 12 weeks of physical labor. 2, Fusion of more than 3 segments may have stiffness. 3.Artificial lumbar disc replacement – long-term results under observation. Advantages: 1, complete removal, good near-term results. 2, Retain the lumbar spine activity. 3, Lumbar spine is also stabilized. Disadvantages: 1, need anterior surgery traumatic, high risk. 2, There is a possibility of loose collapse and displacement. 3, the long-term effect is being observed, the domestic carry out only about 10 years. So how to prevent or health care 1, avoid sedentary. The pressure of lumbar intervertebral disc when sitting is about 10 times of the standing position, and the pressure is higher when exercising, but the prolonged high pressure is more likely to lead to the intervertebral disc fibrous ring relaxation and rupture, resulting in the protrusion of the intervertebral disc. 2, strengthen the lumbar back muscle exercise. Strong lumbar back muscles can effectively share the pressure of the intervertebral disc and slow down degeneration. Methods include five-point and three-point bedside manner and one-point manner, and walking backwards is also a kind of lumbar back muscle exercise method suitable for middle-aged and old-aged patients. 3.Scientific use of the waist. Avoid bending directly when taking heavy objects from low places, and adopt the posture of flexing the hip joints to reduce the stress on the waist. 4, the waist at any time to pay attention to keep warm, avoid getting cold. After the cold lumbar capillary contraction, aggravate nerve ischemia and hypoxia, causing symptoms to aggravate. On the contrary, local heat therapy can expand the lumbar capillaries and improve the symptoms. 5, it is strongly recommended to sleep on a hardboard bed to reduce the lumbar muscle tension during rest.