The most effective treatment for both gallstones and bile duct stones is to opt for surgery, while for simple gallbladder stones, mainly cholesterol stones, simple cholecystectomy is sufficient. In contrast, patients with bile duct stones mostly have gallbladder stones in combination, and recurrent bile duct stones are prone to biliary system obstruction and even infection, which in severe cases can be complicated by acute severe obstructive purulent cholangitis, which can be life-threatening. The most effective treatment in this case is emergency biliary decompression and common bile duct extraction, as well as detailed exploration to remove the stones from the intrahepatic bile duct. After the surgery, a T-tube should be placed for bile drainage, routine anti-infection, intravenous nutritional support and other symptomatic treatment, regular review of liver function, elective imaging and removal of the T-tube.