What are the symptoms of lumbar spondylolisthesis? Most lumbar spondylolisthesis is asymptomatic and is often discovered unintentionally during a physical examination and radiographs. However, some patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis can gradually develop symptoms of lumbar pain and radiating pain and numbness in the lower extremities over time. The pain is in the middle of the waist or to one side, or the pain is felt deep in the lumbosacral region. It is aggravated by labor or prolonged standing or walking, and can be patient after rest. The pain may radiate bilaterally or unilaterally to the buttocks or the back of the thighs, and rarely to the calves. If a nerve root is compressed or a herniated disc is present, the radiating pain in the lower extremity travels along the area of distribution of that nerve root of the sciatic nerve. What are the diagnostic tools for lumbar spondylolisthesis? General ancillary examinations for patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis are not very expensive, and a clear diagnosis can be made with an ordinary X-ray ortho-lateral plain film, a lumbar dynamic position (also known as a functional position film, where the patient’s lumbar region is photographed in maximum forward flexion and extension to understand the stability of the lumbar spine) or a double oblique image of the lumbar spine. However, when the condition is complicated such as combined lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spinal stenosis or exclusion of lumbar spine pathology, further lumbar hyperextension and hyperflexion films should be taken to observe the stability of the slipped vertebrae, and CT, spinal canal imaging, MRI and other examinations should be done to understand the spinal canal and nerve root compression.