Cerebral hemorrhage is a non-traumatic bleeding caused by rupture of blood vessels in the brain parenchyma, accounting for 20% to 30% of all strokes, mainly related to lesions of cerebral blood vessels, i.e. hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, aging of blood vessels, smoking, etc. Patients with cerebral hemorrhage often have sudden onset due to emotional agitation and effortful exertion, and the mortality rate is high. Most of the survivors are left with sequelae such as motor impairment, cognitive impairment, and speech and swallowing disorders of different degrees, and they bring serious life hazards and pain to patients and great economic burden to families.
The severity of the acute stage of cerebral hemorrhage is greatly related to the amount and location of bleeding. Generally speaking, the greater the amount of bleeding, the more serious the condition; the deeper the site, the closer to the midline, the more serious the condition; from the point of view of symptoms, the longer and deeper the coma, the worse the prognosis.
Now it is October, the weather is getting cooler, autumn and winter are approaching, gradually entering the high season of cerebral hemorrhage. The dry and cold climate in autumn and winter, and the large temperature difference between morning, midday and evening, can easily induce cerebral hemorrhage. Therefore, elderly people should pay particular attention to the prevention of cerebral hemorrhage in such a season.
So, how to prevent it in daily life?
1.Control high blood pressure
About 80% of patients with cerebral hemorrhage have high blood pressure. Therefore, the primary measure is early detection and timely treatment of hypertension. Once the elderly are diagnosed with hypertension, they should adhere to the medication treatment and regular review. Do not stop taking the medication without permission, the medication in the process.
2, light diet
In the diet, the elderly should be low-fat, low salt, low sugar, less animal brains, offal, more vegetables, fruits, soy products, with the right amount of lean meat, fish, eggs, etc..
3. Quit smoking and drinking
Because smoking and drinking can cause vasoconstriction, heart rate increases, blood pressure rises, accelerating atherosclerosis, therefore, patients with coronary heart disease, hypertension and cerebral arteriosclerosis should quit smoking and drinking.
4.Prevent constipation
Forceful defecation is very easy to make the fragile small blood vessels rupture and cause cerebral hemorrhage. Elderly people to prevent constipation, you can eat more fiber-rich food, such as celery, leeks, fruit, etc.. You can also do appropriate exercise and self-massage of the abdomen in the morning before waking up.
5.Avoid exertion
Older people should try to avoid excessive physical and mental labor. Overload work can induce cerebral hemorrhage. The elderly should be especially careful not to sit for too long playing mahjong, playing poker, etc.
6.Properly keep warm
Cold winter is the season of cerebral hemorrhage. Cold can cause vasoconstriction and blood pressure to rise. Therefore, the elderly should pay attention to keeping warm in the cold autumn and winter seasons, so that their bodies can adapt to the changes in climate. In addition, according to their health condition, they should do some suitable physical exercise. Such as walking, doing radio gymnastics, etc., to promote blood circulation.
Of course there are many more healthy habits that need attention, need to pay more attention, in fact, we all understand these truths, but not many people adhere to do.
If unfortunately, once the problem occurs how to do?
1, timely medical treatment, early diagnosis
Brain hemorrhage often has some aura, such as unprovoked severe headache, dizziness, fainting, vomiting, etc.. If these conditions are found, the elderly should seek medical attention in a timely manner.
For patients presenting with a stroke, an emergency cranial CT examination is usually required for clarification. When brain hemorrhage is diagnosed, medical institutions with conditions will usually do further head CTA examinations with the aim of clarifying the presence of vascular diseases such as aneurysm and vascular malformation.
2. Correct decision and active treatment
For patients with relatively small amount of bleeding, conservative treatment is usually the main treatment, including quiet bed rest, dehydration and lowering cranial pressure, adjusting blood pressure, preventing and controlling continued bleeding, and strengthening nursing care to prevent and control complications in order to save lives and reduce mortality. If the condition is stable, early rehabilitation treatment will be provided in order to restore the function as much as possible and improve the life of the patient.
In the case of relatively large bleeding or complications such as brain herniation that can seriously endanger life, timely and aggressive surgical treatment is required, with the aim of preserving neurological function as much as possible while saving life.