Diabetic body resistance is far less than healthy people, so it is difficult to avoid the cold, fever, diarrhea and other acute illnesses, these illnesses for the general population may not be a big deal, but for diabetics the problem may be relatively more serious, if not properly handled, not only will lead to loss of blood sugar, but also may lead to “ketoacidosis” and other If not handled properly, it will not only lead to loss of blood sugar, but also may lead to serious consequences such as “ketoacidosis” and even life-threatening. Most diabetics have little understanding of how to manage their condition during illness, the following is to talk about this issue, I hope it will help the majority of diabetics. What is the impact of illness on people with diabetes? Not only does a cold and fever affect the patient’s diet and medication, but more importantly, this stressful state will stimulate the body to secrete a large amount of stress hormones (such as adrenaline) to fight the disease, which will antagonize the role of insulin, leading to a significant increase in blood glucose and large fluctuations, which will easily induce “ketoacidosis” and “non-ketotic hyperosmolarity”. “The former is mostly seen in type 1 diabetic patients, while the latter is mostly seen in type 2 diabetic patients, especially elderly patients. Second, how should I arrange my diet during sickness? During illness, appetite will definitely be affected to varying degrees. To reduce this effect, patients can eat foods that are tasty and easy to digest to meet the basic caloric needs of the body. If patients have difficulty in swallowing ordinary food, they can change to liquid, semi-liquid or soft food, such as thin rice, noodles, cereals, juice, milk, jelly, pudding and other foods, and clear broth is also a good choice. If the appetite is too poor, you can take a small number of meals and finish them in several times. For example, ingest 15 grams every 1 to 2 hours or food containing 50 grams of sugar every 3 to 4 hours to prevent hypoglycemia. In addition, fever, vomiting and diarrhea can cause patients to lose a lot of body fluids, so it is important to pay attention to replenishing enough water and electrolytes (such as warm boiled water, light salt water, light tea, etc.); if patients cannot eat, they can also choose to drink some sugary drinks (such as juice or rice porridge). Oral rehydration not only prevents dehydration, but also helps to dilute blood, improve circulation, lower blood sugar and remove ketone bodies. Third, how to monitor the condition during illness? Diabetic patients especially need to strengthen the monitoring of blood sugar and urinary ketone bodies during illness. Usually, it is required to measure blood sugar every 4-6 hours, at least four times a day, that is, before three meals and at bedtime; when blood sugar > 13.9mmol/L (250mg/dl), it is also necessary to measure urinary ketone body every 4-6 hours. Detection of urinary ketone body is very necessary, because fever infection and other stress factors are likely to induce ketoacidosis, especially for type 1 diabetic patients. Fourth, how to use hypoglycemic drugs during illness? Sickness puts the body in a state of stress, even if the patient is too sick to eat, blood sugar may be very high, therefore, regardless of whether the patient was previously taking oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin injections, during illness, whether it is as much as possible to continue to adhere to treatment, and sometimes even increase the amount of drugs. Unauthorized discontinuation of medication often leads to serious acute complications such as ketoacidosis. In addition, insulin therapy should be used for patients who cannot eat and who have a strong positive urine ketone body. As for how to adjust the dose of hypoglycemic drugs (including insulin), it should be decided by professional physicians according to the results of patients’ blood glucose monitoring, and the dose should be increased or decreased in order to avoid hypoglycemia, prevent hyperglycemia and keep blood glucose stable. Five, what situation patients need to be hospitalized cold, fever, diarrhea, for the general population may not be a big deal, but if it happens to diabetics, the problem may be much more serious. For safety reasons, once the patient has the following conditions, hospitalization is recommended: 1, infection control is not satisfactory, fever for several days; 2, vomiting, diarrhea, more than a few days; 3, the patient “more than one” symptoms aggravated, and the appearance of gastrointestinal reactions (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, etc.), severe dehydration and other symptoms (dry lips, tongue The patient’s blood glucose level is still high even after adjusting the dosage of oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin at home, and the fasting or pre-meal blood glucose level exceeds 13.9 mmol/L. 5. The patient has no knowledge of self-management during the illness and wants to get help from the doctor.