Violent distension of the superficial temporal artery, also known as temporal arteritis. It mainly occurs in the elderly, and the incidence can be more and more every year in people over 50 years old, and the ratio of men to women is 1:3, mainly violating the large and middle arteries, including cerebral arteries, especially temporal arteries, towards the aortic branches of the neck and the upper limbs, and sometimes involving the aorta, and seldom violating the skin, kidneys, and lungs. The treatment of the disease of violently distended superficial temporal artery is relatively complicated, so it is necessary to do a good job of timely diagnosis, then how to diagnose it? Firstly, the symptoms of this disease begin with tension pain or superficial burning pain in one or both sides of the temporal region, forehead or occipital region, and the painful nodules with reddish surface or nodular distended superficial temporal artery can be touched in the painful area. Secondly, it can also be examined to see if there is temporal artery biopsy showing vasculitis, which manifests mononuclear cell dominated infiltration, or granulomatous inflammation, and often with multinucleated giant cells. And temporal artery angiography has some value in diagnosis, and can find temporal artery lumen irregularity and stenosis and other changes. Thirdly, to see if there is occlusion of the beanstalk artery, if the central branch of the middle cerebral artery is called the lateral beanstalk artery, which can be divided into two groups of internal and external perforating arteries. They wear anterior penetrating texture cloth in the bean nucleus shell, caudate nucleus head with the body of the internal capsule anterior limb, posterior limb. Cerebral vascular hemorrhage occurs mostly in the bean striated arteries. Precautions: For the swelling of the superficial temporal artery of this disease, because of its onset of special symptoms is not obvious, must be timely and good treatment. If the above characteristics are found in the preliminary examination, it means that the disease is acquired, and it must be taken seriously.