During physical examinations, many people’s thyroid hormone secretion and thyroid function indicators show abnormalities, and they are becoming more and more prevalent and common. What exactly is the cause of this? What kind of impact does it have on the human body? What is the thyroid gland? The thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland in the human body’s endocrine system, which is regulated by the “hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis”, synthesizes and secretes thyroid hormones, which act on the corresponding organs of the human body and exert physiological effects. Thyroid hormone has a wide range of effects, almost all over the body tissues and organs. The main role of thyroid hormone is to promote growth and development, regulate the body’s metabolism and the functional activities of organs and systems, mainly on metabolism, development and growth, nervous system, cardiovascular system, digestive system and other aspects of the impact. What causes an increase in the number of patients with thyroid disease Iodine-derived factors: iodine is an important substance for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, iodine deficiency may cause goiter, hypothyroidism, etc.; and excessive intake of iodine can cause iodine-derived hyperthyroidism. Autoimmune factors: toxic diffuse goiter, for the clinical often said hyperthyroidism, the most common, it is mainly caused by autoimmune process and mental stimulation. Among the causes of hypothyroidism, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, also known as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disease that can present with hypothyroidism. Familial genetic factors: Familial hereditary enzyme defects can cause impaired thyroid hormone synthesis, leading to goiter and hypothyroidism. Medical factors: Surgery, radioactive iodine, treatment of hyperthyroidism drugs, etc., if the treatment is not appropriate, can cause hypothyroidism; and take too much thyroxine, can cause pharmacogenetic hyperthyroidism. Other factors: infection can cause acute thyroiditis, pituitary tumors can cause pituitary hyperthyroidism, dysplasia can cause congenital abnormalities of the thyroid gland. What are the high iodine foods? 70%-80% of iodine in the human body is stored in the thyroid gland, which is the raw material for the synthesis of thyroxine. Hyperthyroidism patients should strictly limit the intake of iodine, such as excessive intake of salt (more than 8g per day) and seafood (such as kelp, seaweed, sea fish, shrimp, crabs, shellfish, etc.), will make the body’s iodine content increase. Increased iodine content will increase the thyroxine content and easy to appear aggregation, will make the original condition worse, and easy to induce a variety of complications, bringing more harm to the patient. In hypothyroidism, the thyroid function is low, the iodine uptake ability decreases, and the patient does not need to limit the iodine intake as strictly as in hyperthyroidism. Of course, excessive iodine intake in a short period of time may lead to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, the condition fluctuates and is not easy to control. Therefore, patients with hypothyroidism usually eat a small amount of marine fish, shrimp and other foods is possible, as long as not in a short period of time to eat a large number of seafood can be. Food to seafood with the highest iodine content, especially kelp, jellyfish, seaweed, moss strips and tamarind for the most, most of the iodine content of land plants are lower, only spinach and celery iodine content is higher. What should be noted in the diet of patients with hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroidism is mainly manifested as agitation, irritability and insomnia, palpitations, fatigue, fear of heat, excessive sweating, loss of weight, hyper appetite, increased stools or diarrhea, women’s menstrual scanty, and some can be accompanied by cyclic paralysis and proximal muscle weakness, atrophy. Hyperthyroidism should be prohibited from eating iodine-containing foods, such as kelp, seaweed, sea fish, etc.; prohibit iodine-containing drugs, such as amiodarone. At the same time, hyperthyroidism patients in high metabolism, body overconsumption state, so the daily diet should be given enough carbohydrates, high-protein diet, more fresh fruit and calcium-rich, phosphorus-rich foods, such as beef, milk, nuts, fish, etc., in order to correct the body’s overconsumption and to prevent long-term hyperthyroidism caused by osteoporosis. These rumors should be dialectical 【Rumor 1】 Thyroid nodules need surgery Not all thyroid nodules need surgery, thyroid nodules are generally divided into benign nodules, malignant nodules, as well as the diagnosis of the nodules is not clear. The vast majority of malignant thyroid tumors require surgery, while the vast majority of benign thyroid nodules <3cm do not require treatment and need to be followed up every 6 months. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a disease that cannot be cured. Hashimoto's thyroiditis, also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disease that occurs in women between the ages of 30 and 50. The condition is characterized by goiter, occasional mild neck discomfort and breath-holding, mostly asymptomatic, and advanced hypothyroidism. Clinical treatment is mainly aimed at patients with hypothyroidism and compression symptoms of goiter, while those with goiter only and no hypothyroidism usually do not need treatment. Limiting iodine intake to a safe range can help stop the progression of autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland, so there is no need to panic. [Rumor 3] Fear of cold, sleepiness, no energy, must be suffering from hypothyroidism Typical patients with hypothyroidism fear of cold, fatigue, drowsiness, memory loss, less sweat, weight gain, constipation. However, the onset of hypothyroidism is insidious and the course of the disease is long. Many patients often do not have obvious clinical manifestations and are only detected during physical examination. Therefore, to confirm the diagnosis of hypothyroidism, it is necessary to go to the hospital to take a thyroid function test, and determine whether you are suffering from hypothyroidism according to the results of the thyroid function test.