Surgical treatment is one of the oldest and most important means of lung cancer treatment, and it is also the preferred and most effective treatment for early stage lung cancer. Surgical treatment of lung cancer has successfully passed the stage of improving resection rate, reducing operative mortality and decreasing the incidence of postoperative complications. At present, the surgical treatment technology of lung cancer has been perfected, and its operation style has been changed several times, and now it has been basically settled, that is, the standard operation style is anatomical lobectomy + regional lymph gland system resection; palliative or incomplete resection should be avoided as much as possible; for lung cancer invading adjacent organs and structures, lung resection should be performed together with whole resection of invaded tissues and organs, even including partial resection and reconstruction of heart and great vessels. In the past 20 years, lung cancer surgical treatment has progressed rapidly with outstanding achievements, which is marked by the recognition of the limitations of surgery in lung cancer treatment, and the view that surgical treatment alone has become obsolete has been widely recognized by surgeons, who have started to organically combine the multidisciplinary and comprehensive treatment of lung cancer mainly with surgery and achieved good results. Surgical treatment of lung cancer is determined by the clinical stage and histological examination of lung cancer. As a means of local treatment, surgery can play the most effective role only when the lung cancer is still in the local area and has not spread. Therefore, once you have lung cancer, do not rush to blindly operate for treatment, but carry out correct clinical staging so as to formulate scientific and reasonable standardized treatment plan, so that those lung cancer patients who have distant metastasis and should not be operated can avoid the pain of open-heart surgery, and those lung cancer patients who do not have metastasis can receive timely and scientific surgical treatment. Indications and contraindications for lung cancer surgery: 1. Stage I and II non-small cell lung cancer; 2. 4.Stage III lung cancer without surgical indication, after chemotherapy or radiotherapy, the lesion is obviously reduced and the systemic condition allows, surgery can be considered; 5.Stage I and II small cell lung cancer, after 1 to 2 cycles of chemotherapy, surgery can be performed; 6.Patients with advanced lung cancer have uncontrollable intrapulmonary infection or pulmonary atelectasis, which affects the gas exchange function of the lung, in order to reduce symptoms, palliative surgery can be performed. surgery. On the contrary, after the diagnosis of lung cancer, the following conditions should be considered as contraindications to surgery: 1. 4. Systemic conditions that are difficult to tolerate surgery, including: severe cardiac and pulmonary dysfunction, recent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents, and extremely debilitating cachexia.