Hernia is commonly known as “small intestine gas”. There are many types of hernias, including inguinal hernia, umbilical hernia, incisional hernia, white line hernia, etc. Among them, inguinal hernia, which occurs at the junction of lower abdomen and thigh, is the most common. The main manifestation of inguinal hernia is a local mass protruding when standing and more obvious when exerting force, which mostly disappears on its own after lying down in the early stage, often accompanied by local discomfort or pain; later the mass gradually increases and some patients may even enter the scrotum. If the above symptoms occur, the possibility of hernia should be considered and a hospital visit should be made in time. In most cases, hernia is not a major problem, but it can cause a lot of inconvenience in daily life. What’s more, hernias have the potential to become suddenly ingrown and, if left untreated, can lead to serious consequences such as intestinal necrosis and death. The main treatment for adult hernia is surgery, and only surgery can solve the problem at the root. A hernia is like a hole in a garment where the intestines in the stomach protrude through the hernia hole to form a bag-like bulge, so surgery for a hernia is actually a process of filling the hole. In early surgery, the relatively healthy tissue at the edge of the hole was forcibly sutured together, because there was tension on both sides of the hernia hole, hence the term “tension repair”. However, forcible suturing of distant tissues of different origins has obvious disadvantages: 1. Forcible pulling of the surrounding tissues sometimes causes significant and persistent postoperative pain. 2. 2. The recovery period is long, requiring nearly a week of postoperative bed rest. This is because the tissues around the hernia hole are usually weak and of low strength, and forcing these tissues together generates greater tension, which can easily lead to recurrence of the hernia by tearing again. With recent advances in material science, a new type of “tension-free hernia repair” based on “patch” (a polymer material compatible with human tissue) has emerged. The use of patches is similar to patching a garment, with the patch acting as a patch and preserving the body’s original physiological structure and tissue levels to the greatest extent possible. Moreover, the mesh structure of the patch can play the role of a scaffold, so that the body’s own tissues can grow along the patch scaffold and fill in the mesh structure to form a solid protective layer, which is somewhat similar to the reinforcement and cement used in building a house, with a 1+1>2 effect. This overcomes many disadvantages of traditional surgery: 1. no forced pulling of surrounding tissues, light postoperative pain. 2.The recovery time is shorter, and you can get out of bed and walk around after the anesthesia disappears after surgery. 3. The recurrence rate after surgery is less than 1%. Therefore, “tension-free hernia repair” using patch has completely replaced “tension repair” and become the first choice of surgery.