What is interventional treatment of the fallopian tubes?

  Tubal obstruction is an important cause of female infertility, accounting for about 30% to 50% of female infertility, and is on the rise year by year with the increase in the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases, the increase in the number of uterine operations and the increase in other non-inflammatory lesions. In the past 10 years, the emergence and development of tubal interventional techniques have significantly improved the diagnosis and treatment of tubal obstructive infertility and become an important method for the diagnosis and treatment of tubal obstruction.  A large number of clinical results show that interventional techniques for tubal obstruction can help to determine whether the fallopian tubes are really blocked, the exact location and cause of the blockage, and can perform direct recanalization and drug infusion treatment on the blockage site, with easy operation and few complications. At present, hundreds of thousands of infertile couples around the world have been examined and treated with SSG and FTR techniques.  There are three main types of tubal interventions: 1. selective salpingography (SSG): A catheter is inserted directly into the opening of the fallopian tube through the cervical canal to inject contrast to improve the diagnostic effect, and hydrostatic pressure can be used to act directly on the fallopian tube to play a therapeutic role, so that certain mucus plugs, cell debris and other secretions can be squeezed out or flushed out. flushed out. Advantages: It can significantly improve the diagnostic rate of traditional hysterosalpingography and increase the local hydrostatic pressure in the fallopian tubes to play a therapeutic role.  2.Fallopian tube recanalization (FTR): It is to loosen and separate the adhesions in the lumen of the fallopian tube through the mechanical movement of the guidewire and microcatheter, and to dilate the stenosis, and also to inject anti-inflammatory and anti-adhesion drugs directly through the microcatheter, so that the effective local concentration of the lesion is significantly increased, which is useful for the treatment after the fallopian tube recanalization ( Intraluminal drug perfusion of the fallopian tube). In practice, our tubal recanalization, that is, includes guidewire recanalization and drug perfusion.  Fallopian tube embolization (FTE): A catheter is inserted directly into the opening of the fallopian tube through the cervical canal and an embolic agent (e.g. gelatin sponge) is injected to embolize the fallopian tube to prevent backflow of distal fluid into the uterine cavity or to play a sterilizing role. Currently, the procedure is mainly performed on infertile patients who are ready to undergo in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer for assisted reproduction (commonly known as IVF) due to distal fluid in the fallopian tubes, and the embolization of the fallopian tubes prevents the backflow of fluid into the uterine cavity to improve the success rate of IVF.  This intervention is inexpensive and non-invasive and can avoid the surgical risks and high costs associated with patients undergoing traditional caesarean tubal ligation.