Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty can be performed for both mitral stenosis and aortic stenosis, and both involve the use of a balloon to reach the lesion via different routes to relieve the stenosis.
1. Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty should only be performed in cases of simple mitral stenosis, which requires a non-calcified mitral valve, good mobility, and no thrombus in the left atrium. A balloon catheter is passed from the femoral vein through the septum across the mitral valve, and the balloon is then filled with a mixture of saline contrast medium, followed by separation of the valve adhesions to enlarge the orifice.
2. Percutaneous aortic valvuloplasty for aortic stenosis requires the use of a balloon catheter to retrograde along the aorta to the aortic valve, filling the balloon with the same mixture of fluids to cleave the calcified nodules and stretch the annular leaflets to release fusion.
If mitral aortic valve stenosis exists, it is important to seek medical attention, improve the cardiac ultrasound and other ancillary examinations, and then follow the doctor’s instructions to choose surgical or pharmacological therapeutic measures for the specific situation.