When a newborn baby is born in the first few days, the urine volume can be very little, about 80 ml/day, due to the small amount of food; the urine volume of babies from 3 to 4 days is 30 to 300 ml/day; the urine volume of babies from 10 days to 2 months is about 400 to 500 ml/day; the urine volume of babies from 1 to 3 years old is about 500 to 600 ml/day. Due to individual differences, daily water intake, high and low temperatures and other factors, the volume of urine can vary greatly. I. Normal and abnormal urine volume of babies Normal: Babies do not urinate in the same amount at different ages. When a newborn baby is born in the first few days, due to the small amount of food, the urine volume can be very small, about 80 ml / day or less; 3 to 4 days of the baby urine volume of 30 to 300 ml / day; 10 days to 2 months of the baby urine volume of about 400 to 500 ml / day; 1 to 3 years of the baby urine volume of about 500 to 600 ml / day. Urine volume can vary greatly due to individual differences, daily water intake, high and low temperatures, and other factors. Abnormal: If the baby’s urine volume in a day is significantly more than the above criteria, and the baby also has more to eat and drink, but the weight decreases gradually, then he or she may be suffering from diabetes. If the baby’s urine volume is significantly reduced, and at the same time accompanied by diarrhea, thirst, dry lips, no tears, then it suggests that the body loses water. Second, the number of normal and abnormal urination Normal: newborn babies urinate 4 to 5 times a day within a few days; within 6 months of the baby urinate 20 to 25 times a day; 6 months to 1 year old baby, with the increase of semi-liquid supplementary food and the gradual improvement of kidney function, the daily number of urination can be reduced to 15 to 16 times; 2 to 3 years old daily average number of urination is 10 times. Abnormal: If the baby urinates significantly more times with urgency and pain, it is likely to suffer from urinary tract infection; if the baby is reprimanded or frightened by the parents, it will urinate frequently, which is a kind of neurological urinary frequency disorder. Third, the normal and abnormal urine color Normal: normal baby urine color is mostly colorless, transparent or light yellow; darker when sweating more and drinking less water. Newborn babies, in the first few days, urine color dark, slightly cloudy, light red after cooling, this is the crystals of uric acid salts, a few days later will disappear, is a normal phenomenon. Because the baby’s kidneys are not mature, eat food containing oxalate or phosphate, such as spinach, amaranth, bananas, oranges, apples, etc., urine discharge will form crystals in the cold, so that the urine becomes cloudy, then the mother need not panic. Abnormal: baby suffering from disease and taking drugs such as flavonol, vitamin B complex, urine may become golden yellow; if the baby urine is deep yellow and accompanied by skin, sclera yellowing, may suffer from jaundice hepatitis; baby urine is milky white with fever, painful urination, may suffer from nephritis. Fourth, the normal and abnormal smell of urine Normal: infants and young children just discharged urine with a faint aroma, after sitting for a period of time due to the decomposition of urea in urine for ammonia, can appear obvious ammonia odor. Abnormal: The urine just excreted by the baby has a special musty odor, accompanied by the baby’s gradually low intelligence, you should be alert to the possibility of phenylketonuria, and need immediate medical treatment. V. Normal and abnormal self-controlled urination Normal: The baby’s urination from birth to the first few months is purely reflexive, and only when the bladder is full will the baby urinate reflexively. By the age of 5-6 months, the conditioned reflex is gradually formed, and the baby can urinate when the adult puts the urine. After about 2 years of age, it is possible for babies to urinate on their own, and after 5 years of age, there should be no urine loss. Abnormality: If you still can’t control urination at night after 5 years old, this is enuresis. Six, when the baby’s urine is found to be abnormal, what should the mother do? When the baby urinates a lot, the mother should carefully observe whether there are external factors that cause polyuria, and if so, the symptoms of polyuria can be relieved by avoiding them. If the baby urinates less, the mother should pay attention to whether he has fever, diarrhea and excessive sweating, if so, replenish the right amount of fluid and drink more water, but if it is accompanied by swelling, the intake of water and salt should be strictly limited. When the baby’s urine is abnormal and accompanied by other uncomfortable symptoms, the mother should pay full attention to it and take the baby to the hospital for consultation and treatment in time.