Teratomas of the ovary in women are tumors of germ cell origin and the vast majority are benign. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of ovarian teratomas are unclear and may be related to genetic factors, congenital defects of the central nervous system, reproductive and urinary tracts, and age. 1. Genetic factors: for example, Kirschner’s syndrome or Turner’s syndrome, the risk of developing ovarian teratoma is higher. 2. Congenital defects of the central nervous system, reproductive tract and urethra also increase the risk of developing ovarian teratoma. 3. Age: Ovarian mature teratomas are most common in women between the ages of 20-40 years, while immature teratomas are most common in women between the ages of 11-19 years. Ovarian teratoma is asymptomatic in the early stage, with the growth of the tumor, abdominal distension, abdominal pain and urination, defecation abnormalities and other symptoms of compression of neighboring organs. Patients with ovarian teratoma should go to the gynecology department of the hospital in time and take appropriate treatment measures under the guidance of the doctor in combination with the type of pathology.