Generally, chronic glomerulonephritis can be one of the most important causes of kidney failure in children, therefore, the prevention and treatment of kidney failure disease should start with the prevention and treatment of nephritis. In addition, polycystic kidney is also one of the causes of kidney failure in many children. The so-called polycystic kidney is a congenital disorder, the patient’s condition can generally be hidden for a long time, many kidney failure patients until after the age of 40 to 50 years old will appear the symptoms of kidney enlargement, the emergence of obvious renal insufficiency before being diagnosed as suffering from polycystic kidney. Some interstitial nephritis can also be said to be one of the causative factors of kidney failure in children. Interstitial nephritis generally accounts for the second highest incidence of chronic kidney failure in children. Tubular atrophy, fibrosis and scarring will mostly reduce the glomerular blood supply and reduce kidney function in patients. It is worth noting that nephropathy caused by painkillers and gouty nephropathy, as well as nephropathy caused by antibiotics and other nephrotoxic drugs, are all interstitial nephritis. Some patients suffering from hypertension must strictly control their blood pressure to avoid hypertension that can cause kidney failure in children. Patients with hypertension need to take as few adult medicines as possible, and it is also best to be prescribed by a professional physician before they can take them, and if the patient’s kidneys are in trouble, they should also inform the relevant physician in a timely manner. In terms of food for children with kidney failure, it is important to note that they should not consume foods and things that are too salty, and patients can replace them with sugar or some other flavors. Patients with traumatic infections must go to a professional hospital for proper medical treatment, do not buy drugs privately and bandage them randomly and then be done with it. Children with kidney failure should also take some mutton, dog meat, as well as bird eggs, shrimp and leeks, red dates and other foods from time to time.