The treatment of mediastinal emphysema includes general treatment, local exhaust treatment and treatment for the primary disease.
1. General treatment: if the symptoms of mediastinal emphysema are mild, it can be positively inhaled oxygen and bed rest, meanwhile, antibiotics such as cefuroxime can be used to fight infection, and painkillers such as ibuprofen and diclofenac sodium can be used to alleviate the symptomatic pain. A few patients, such as those with esophageal perforation, should be fasted and given parenteral nutritional support.
2. Local exhaust treatment: if the mediastinal pneumoperitoneum is large, producing compression symptoms, and if the symptoms do not improve after general treatment, the patient can be cut and exhausted under local anesthesia through the suprasternal incision, and local decompression can be carried out.
3. Treatment of primary disease: if caused by trauma or tension pneumothorax, closed drainage can be used, and the broken trachea and leaking esophagus can be repaired and sutured at the same time.
It is recommended that patients with mediastinal pneumothorax should seek medical attention in a timely manner, and specific treatment should be carried out under the guidance of a physician.