The arterial catheter was originally a normal blood flow channel between the pulmonary artery and the aorta during fetal life. Due to pulmonary respiratory dysfunction at this time, pulmonary blood from the right ventricle enters the descending aorta via the catheter, while blood from the left ventricle enters the ascending aorta. After birth, the lungs expand and assume the function of gas exchange, and the pulmonary circulation and the body circulation each perform their own functions, and soon the ducts close by choice due to disuse. If the ductus arteriosus persists and does not close, the ductus arteriosus becomes unclosed. Surgery should be performed to interrupt the blood flow. The clinical manifestations of patent ductus arteriosus depend on the amount of blood flow from the aorta to the pulmonary artery, as well as the presence and extent of secondary pulmonary hypertension. In mild cases, there may be no significant symptoms, while in severe cases heart failure may occur. Common symptoms include palpitations after exertion, shortness of breath, weakness, susceptibility to respiratory tract infections and growth retardation. In the late stage, severe pulmonary hypertension may lead to cyanosis in the lower half of the body when a reverse shunt is produced. On physical examination of arteriovenous ductus arteriosus, the typical sign is a loud continuous machine-like murmur with tremor heard between the 2nd ribs at the left border of the sternum. The 2nd pulmonary artery sound is hyperactive, but often masked by the loud murmur. In large fractional flows, a diastolic murmur due to relative mitral stenosis can be heard in the apical region. Blood pressure measurements show that systolic pressure is mostly in the normal range, while diastolic pressure is reduced, resulting in a widened pulse pressure and a watery pulse and gunshot sound in the vessels of the extremities. After the diagnosis of arterial catheter failure is established, if there are no contraindications, surgery should be performed opportunistically to interrupt the blood flow at the catheter. If the shunt flow is large and the symptoms are more severe, the surgery should be performed earlier. In case of heart failure, emergency surgery may be considered. The risk of surgery increases with advanced age and the development of pulmonary hypertension, and the outcome is poor. Surgery should be postponed in cases of bacterial endarteritis; however, if the infection is not adequately controlled by medication, surgery should still be pursued, and the infection is often quickly controlled by continuing pharmacotherapy after surgery.