Among all kidney cancer patients, 2% to 4% of them have the disease related to family heredity, and this kind of kidney cancer is called hereditary kidney cancer or familial kidney cancer. Most of these patients have kidney cancer in their fathers or siblings, which is a family gathering phenomenon. The hereditary kidney cancers that have been identified so far include: (1) VHL syndrome; (2) hereditary papillary adenocarcinoma of the kidney; (3) hereditary smooth muscle disease kidney cancer, etc. In addition to the manifestations of kidney cancer, they are often combined with other manifestations of the above-mentioned syndromes, and the corresponding chromosomal and genetic abnormalities can be detected.