Psoas major muscle, also known as the large psoas muscle, is a long pike shaped muscle that originates from both sides of the lumbar vertebrae and is mostly caused by inflammation. It can be seen in yellow granulomatous pyelonephritis, where the perinephric fascia is thickened and adherent due to inflammatory infiltration, and the inflammation can extend widely to the perinephric tissues, causing swelling and adhesions or abscess formation in the affected psoas major muscle, which can involve the liver, spleen, colon, inferior vena cava, duodenum, and even form skin fistulas. The local treatment includes local braking, posterior osseointegration, anterior osseointegration and lesion removal. Local braking: Since the use of anti-tuberculosis drugs, local braking emphasizes that rest in a rigid bed is sufficient. The application of plaster bed has been limited to pediatric patients, and for stable cervical spine tuberculosis, cervical collar fixation is generally used, while Glisson fabric traction or cranial traction is required for cervical instability, especially atlantoaxial dislocation with spinal cord compression. Patients with cleared lesions and intervertebral implant fusion are usually bedridden for 3 months in the cervical spine and 5-6 months in the thoracic and lumbar spine, at which time the implants are fused and they can get up and move around without any brace protection. To relieve the swelling of lumbar major muscle we should pay attention to lumbar protection and exercise more lumbar muscles. Occurrence of abdominal inflammation is prompt treatment.