Rectal cancer is very harmful to people, and it is often in the middle or late stage when it is diagnosed. In order to improve the efficacy, prevent its occurrence and protect people’s health, therefore, certain preventive measures should be taken and early diagnosis and treatment should be carried out. (a) Treatment of pre-cancerous lesions. Pre-cancerous diseases, after a period of time, may mutate into cancer, so they should be treated in time. For example, long-standing anal ulcers, fistulas, ulcerative colitis, proctitis, colon and rectal polyps and polyposis, chronic anal dermatitis and mucosal leukoplakia, etc., all belong to this category. (B) pay attention to the regularity of daily life, and strengthen the body, you can do qigong and tai chi according to the physical condition, in order to enhance the body’s ability to resist disease. Also pay attention to diet, do not eat moldy food, eat not too hot, too fast, too hard. (c) Be happy in spirit, keep optimism and avoid sulking. (iv) Popularize the knowledge of tumor and achieve the four early, i.e. early onset, early consultation, early examination and early treatment. Timely detection of pre-cancerous lesions or early cancer is important to improve the cure rate. (e) Eliminate or reduce the role of carcinogenic factors, from occupational environment, living habits and other aspects, eliminate or reduce the impact of chemical, physical and biological carcinogenic factors on the human body, which is important to prevent the occurrence of rectal cancer.