Blood glucose refers to the glucose in the blood. In normal people, blood glucose levels are relatively constant, maintained between 3.9 and 6.1 mmol/L. The most commonly used blood glucose measurements are fasting blood glucose measurement (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), intravenous glucose tolerance test (IGTT) and bun test. Liu Deshan, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University
I. Fasting blood glucose measurement (FBG)
FBG is the most commonly used item for diabetes diagnosis.
Test precautions
Draw venous blood in the early morning on an empty stomach.
Reference value
3.9~6.1 mmol/L in normal people.
Interpretation of results
1.Increase
(1) Mild increase: 7.0~8.4 mmol/L; moderate increase: 8.4~10.1 mmol/L; severe increase: >10.1 mmol/L.
(2) Increased blood glucose is seen in: ① diabetes such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes; ② endocrine diseases such as gigantism, hyperthyroidism, cortisolism, pheochromocytoma, etc.; ③ stress hyperglycemia such as massive burns, craniocerebral injury, increased intracranial pressure, stroke, myocardial infarction, etc.; ④ drug effects: diuretics, oral contraceptives, aspirin, dopamine, prednisone, chlorpromazine, caffeine, (5) Hepatogenic hyperglycemia: serious liver lesion causes liver function damage and postprandial hyperglycemia; (7) Other pathological increase: pregnancy, vomiting, dehydration, etc.; (8) Physiological increase: such as 1-2 hours after meal, emotional excitement, etc.
2.Decrease
(1) FBG