Facial muscle spasm can be recognized by clinical symptoms, physical signs, electromyography and magnetic resonance tomography angiography.
1. Clinical symptoms: Facial muscle spasm is mostly seen in middle-aged and old women. In the early stage, it manifests as intermittent twitching of orbicularis oculi muscle, and then gradually extends to other facial muscles on one side of the face, with the twitching of corners of the mouth muscles being the most obvious. The twitching of the muscles at the corners of the mouth is the most obvious, and the symptoms are aggravated by tension, fatigue and voluntary movement, and stop when they fall asleep.
2. Signs: Patients with facial muscle spasm usually have no other positive signs.
3. Electromyography: Characteristic high-frequency discharges associated with unilateral extended response and blinking reflex are seen, which can help to differentiate facial muscle spasm from other involuntary movements.
4. Magnetic resonance tomography angiography: obvious compression of the facial nerve is seen.
Facial muscle spasm needs to be differentiated from functional blepharospasm, Habitual Tourette Syndrome Meige Syndrome and other disorders. It is recommended to actively seek medical attention to clarify the diagnosis when similar symptoms occur and to treat accordingly.