What are the early extra-pulmonary manifestations of lung cancer?

  Bone and joint swelling and pain are more common because lung cancer cells can produce certain special endocrine hormones (heterogenous hormones), antigens and enzymes that involve bones and joints such as tibia, fibula, ulna, radius, etc. The ends of fingers and toes are often enlarged in the form of pestle and mortar fingers, and periosteal hyperplasia can be seen by X-ray examination.  Shoulder and back pain: It is mostly an early symptom of peripheral lung cancer, which is because peripheral lung cancer often erodes the pleura and involves the ribs and chest wall tissues, thus causing shoulder and back pain. Lung cancer patients with shoulder and back pain symptoms seldom have pulmonary respiratory symptoms in early stage and should be alerted. Male breast enlargement: About 10%-20% of male lung cancer patients have breast enlargement, mainly because some lung cancer cells can secrete chorionic gonadotropin, which can cause breast tissue hyperplasia and breast enlargement, generally most of them have bilateral breast enlargement, and unilateral enlargement is less common.  Neurological symptoms: brain metastasis of lung cancer may show neurological symptoms such as headache, vomiting, sudden coma, aphasia and hemiparesis, which are often misdiagnosed as thrombosis and brain tumor due to the lack of obvious lung symptoms.