1. What is acute cervicitis?
Acute cervicitis has become a common gynecological disease in recent years, and is an acute infectious inflammation of the cervix. The main causative agents are: staphylococcus, streptococcus, enterococcus and other general purulent bacteria.
Infection caused by improper care during the puerperium. Due to the influence of the traditional concept of “sitting on the moon”, poor hygiene and cleaning during the puerperium, or incorrect care, lead to cervical infection caused by bacteria retrograde upward through the vagina.
Mechanical irritation or injury, during abortion or childbirth, causing cervical laceration, if not properly taken care of, can cause cervical infection.
③The reason of sexual life, the couple’s hygiene and cleanliness during sex is not done, no matter which spouse does not do a good job of cleaning, it is possible to bring bacteria into the uterine cavity during sex and cause infection. If sex is frequent, it increases the chance of infection.
Some women are overly hygienic and use highly concentrated acidic or alkaline solution to douche the vagina, thinking that this will prevent various infections.
(5) Various kinds of vaginal inflammatory diseases accumulate in the cervix and cause acute cervicitis, such as acute trichomoniasis, mycotic vaginitis and bacterial vaginitis.
When gauze, cotton balls or other foreign objects are left in the vagina for too long, they can easily trigger infection and cause acute cervicitis.
Acute cervicitis, if left untreated, may lead to upstream infection causing acute and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.
Symptoms of acute cervicitis.
① Increased leucorrhea, sticky or purulent leucorrhea.
②Self-perceived lumbago, lower abdominal cramps, itching or stinging vulva disease; may also appear frequent urination, stinging pain during urination, etc.
③ Gynecological examination can see the vagina and cervical mucous membrane congestion and edema; the cervix is prone to bleeding and even ulceration and necrosis; purulent or thick mucus can also be seen flowing out from the cervical opening or accumulating on the surface of the cervix and around the cervix, with a foul odor.
2. What is chronic cervicitis?
Chronic cervicitis, as it is traditionally called, does not require treatment. The epithelium of the cervix is covered by squamous epithelium during puberty and menopause, but at the age of fertility the columnar epithelium in the cervical canal migrates due to the high level of hormones. Because of the thinness of the columnar epithelium, the capillaries below it are exposed, making the columnar epithelial area bright red, so it is called cervical erosion, but not true erosion. The clinical condition of cervical surface erosion is divided into simple, granular and papillary, and the ratio of erosion area to cervical surface is also divided into mild, moderate and severe. “Cervical erosion” is a clinically obsolete diagnosis, and the main diagnosis of cervical erosion is now “cervical columnar epithelial migration”. There is a congenital form of severe cervical erosion, a woman with heavy cervical ectopia, whose leucorrhea is very yellow and needs to be treated. This kind of women can go to the hospital to see the gynecologist to see if they need treatment.
3. Does chronic cervicitis need to be treated?
It is not necessary to treat cervical erosion. Nowadays, many women, especially young women, who have just started having sex, are very frightened and seek medical help as soon as their doctor detects cervicitis or celiac disease, hoping to get a thorough treatment. But what kind of people need to be examined and treated? Nowadays, many irregular hospitals over-treat cervicitis in the name of cervicitis. They also advertise that untreated cervicitis can lead to cancer. We say that women need to go for gynecological examination to rule out cervical lesions after having sexual intercourse for more than three years. We say that only precancerous cervical lesions and cervical cancer need further treatment. Here is a question that needs to be clarified. It is not cervicitis that causes cancer. Rather, it is the infection with HPV, the human papillomavirus, that causes cervicitis. It can be said that there is no virus without lesions. Cervical erosion is a normal physiological phenomenon and does not require treatment. Women who do not have children are not advocated to undergo cervical physical therapy unless there are special indications. Cervicitis currently refers mostly to acute infection and is treated for pathogenesis.
4. Is vaginal irrigation necessary to prevent cervicitis?
The vaginal wall is naturally closed and there is an ecological balance of the vaginal flora, so the vulva should be clean, but the vagina should not be irrigated in general. Vaginal douching is only recommended when there is a real vaginal disease. Don’t douche, because douching disrupts the micro-ecology and the micro-ecological balance, so this is one of the things we should pay attention to. Secondly, if we talk about vulva, the prevention of vulva infection is actually to emphasize that we cannot have sexually transmitted diseases, but there are many sexually transmitted diseases in foreigners, as long as they are related to sexual intercourse, such as trichomonas, streptococcus, are called sexually transmitted diseases, but our country does not count it as a sexually transmitted disease, but the scope of sexually transmitted diseases. This is the range of sexually transmitted diseases, which can be transmitted through sexual relations, but is not the same as a sexually transmitted disease, this should pay attention to this problem, that is, encounter such a patient first we should exclude these sexually transmitted diseases, and then is the sexually transmitted diseases, especially gonorrhea, syphilis, these types we should exclude, that is, we young women to have a clean sex life. Try to avoid the chance of infection.
At the same time we try to use antibiotics sparingly when the body is slightly unwell. Otherwise, we are also prone to Candida vaginitis.
5. Does having cervicitis affect fertility? Will it affect the child when you get pregnant.
We have said that cervicitis or celiac disease is a physiological phenomenon. Therefore, it does not need to be treated. It also does not affect pregnancy. Only patients with congenital cervicitis with severe cervical ectopia as I mentioned above will need treatment before pregnancy because of the severity of the inflammation. Cervicitis itself will not affect the development of the fetus. You can be assured of pregnancy.
6. Is cervicitis caused by vaginitis?
Cervicitis is a physiological phenomenon, so it is not related to vaginitis. Trichomoniasis is caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, which is usually seen around the time of menstruation.
The main symptoms: increased vaginal discharge and vulvar itching, which may be accompanied by vaginal burning, pain and painful intercourse. The discharge is thin and purulent, yellowish green, foamy and smelly. Metronidazole 2g PO x 1 time plus topical application. Metronidazole suppository or vaginal effervescent tablets 200mg q.n. . × 7 days.
Candidiasis is defined as Pseudomonas albicans infection as a conditionally pathogenic bacteria in yeast phase; in systemic and vaginal local cellular immunity decreases, Pseudomonas proliferates, transforms into mycelial phase and symptoms appear, common pathogenic triggers: pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, massive application of immunosuppressive agents and broad-spectrum antibiotics, application of contraceptives, etc. Treatment of clotrimazole suppositories, miconazole suppositories for topical application. Fluconazole 150mg, dosed.
7.Does cervicitis need to be treated with suppositories for a long time?
Many women often consult me when they visit the clinic whether they need to treat cervicitis completely with medicine or treat cervicitis with vaginal suppositories. In response to this question, we advocate that because cervicitis is a physiological phenomenon there is no need for medication. If you have a lot of leucorrhea, you can go to the hospital to check to rule out vaginitis or pelvic inflammatory disease.
8.What is cervical polyp? How to deal with cervical polyps is a manifestation of chronic cervicitis there is a polyp of the root attached to the cervical orifice or cervical canal, is the cervical mucosa in the inflammatory stimulation of local hyperplasia and protrusion in the ectocervix and formed. The larger polyps can cause increased leucorrhea, bloody leucorrhea or contact out, during sex or stool force, a small amount of bleeding can also occur Once the diagnosis of cervical polyps is found, you need to go to the hospital to remove the polyps, remove the polyps need to send pathological tests to exclude lesions. 99% of polyps, the diagnosis is benign. A very small number of polyps are confirmed to be cervical adenocarcinoma after laboratory tests and require further surgical treatment.
9.Does cervicitis cause vulvovaginal itching?
Cervicitis usually does not cause itching of the vulva. Patients who feel itchy should go to the hospital to rule out vaginitis such as trichomoniasis or mycotic vaginitis.
10. The correct understanding of cervicitis Celiac disease is not a real disease! It is probably a physiological change in the female cervix, and leading experts even suggest that the name “cervical erosion” should be discarded. The idea that celiac disease can develop into cervical cancer has also been revised! In fact, there are various causes of cervical erosion (viral, bacterial, hormonal, physical or chemical), while cervical cancer is the result of a specific virus called Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). In other words, cervical cancer or precancerous lesions can be mixed in with people who have celiac disease, but only after the cervical infection by HPV has persisted for several years does it develop into cervical cancer! It is absolutely true that people take “celiac disease” seriously. The main reason for this is that it is difficult to distinguish cervical erosion from precancerous lesions of the cervix or cervical cancer on visual examination. Therefore, for cervical erosion, a cervical cancer screening is required before treatment can be given to rule out cervical precancer and cervical cancer. If this “cervical erosion”, which is no longer even called a disease, causes uncomfortable or embarrassing symptoms, such as excessive leucorrhea, blood in the leucorrhea, bleeding after intercourse, co-infection causing leucorrhea odor, or causing infertility, it should be treated. The current treatment for cervical erosion includes medication and physical therapy (freezing, electrocoagulation, laser, microwave, etc.). For mild celiac disease, medications have some effect. For moderate to severe cervical erosion, physical therapy is usually required.
11. Do cervical nuchal cysts need to be treated?
Do cervical cysts need to be treated? It is a cyst formed when new squamous epithelium covers the mouth of the cervical ducts or extends into the ducts during the healing process of cervical erosion, or when the connective tissue around the ducts grows or scar forms to compress the ducts, narrowing or even blocking the ducts and blocking the drainage of glandular secretions. In chronic cervicitis, the cervical glands and surrounding tissues are proliferated. When the glandular ducts are squeezed by the surrounding tissues and the glandular opening is blocked, the secretions in the gland cannot flow out and are retained inside, resulting in the expansion of the glandular cavity and the formation of cystic masses of different sizes, called “cervical glandular retention cysts”, also known as Naboth cysts. They contain mucus that is often clear and transparent, but may be cloudy and purulent due to co-infection. The cysts are usually small and scattered and may protrude from the surface of the cervix. Small ones are only as large as a small grain of rice, while large ones can be as large as a grain of corn and are greenish-white in color and may be accompanied by erosion, but they are also common in the smooth surface of the cervix. Due to the long-term stimulation of chronic inflammation, the cervical tissue repeatedly becomes congested and edematous with inflammatory cell infiltration causing cervical hypertrophy.