Cataract surgery includes ultrasonic emulsification and extracapsular extraction of cataract, etc. Specific surgical steps include preparation, making incision, handling the lens, implanting the lens, and treating the wound. 1. Preparation: the patient lies supine on the operating table, routine disinfection, toweling, lid opener to support the eyelid, surface anesthesia, and rinsing the conjunctival sac with saline. 2. Making incision: An incision is made from the cornea to open the anterior lens capsule. Ultrasonic emulsification requires a main incision of 2-3mm and a secondary incision of 1.5mm, while extracapsular surgery requires a large incision of 6-8mm. 3. Handling of crystals: It is necessary to tear the superficial surface of the crystal capsulorhexis and then handle the crystal nucleus. Ultrasonic emulsification may require tearing of the capsule, while extracapsular surgery may require amputation of the capsule. 4. IOL implantation: The IOL is implanted into the eye, usually within the capsular bag, or in the ciliary sulcus or with sutures if the bag ruptures. 5. Incision treatment: After the IOL is sutured or put into the eye, clean up the remaining sebum crystal debris, etc., followed by incision treatment, large incisions need to be sutured, small incisions do not need to be sutured, and can be watertight. Cataract patients are advised to seek timely medical attention to assess their condition and follow the doctor’s instructions to choose the appropriate treatment.