Anesthetics are drugs that can cause temporary and reversible loss of consciousness and pain in the whole body or a part of the body. According to their scope of action, they can be divided into general anesthetics and local anesthetics. General anesthetics and local anesthetics can be divided into inhalation anesthetics and intravenous anesthetics according to their action characteristics and different ways of administration. General anesthetics from shallow to deep, inhibit the cerebral cortex, so that people lose consciousness. Local anesthetics play a stabilizing effect on the membrane potential body of the nerve, or reduce the permeability of the membrane to sodium ions, block the conduction of nerve impulses, and play a local anesthetic role. General anesthetics are used for major surgeries, or for patients for whom local anesthetics cannot be used. Local anesthetics are used for minor surgeries and locally, and the use of local anesthetics requires the addition of a little vasoconstrictor, such as epinephrine. Special attention needs to be paid to the fact that narcotic drugs are prone to physical dependence after continuous use, and drugs that can become addictive, use and storage should be strictly managed.