Most lung cancer patients are already in advanced stage when they are diagnosed and miss the good opportunity of surgical resection. In fact, if we can insight every detail in life, early detection of lung cancer is possible, I will introduce some early signs and symptoms of lung cancer and examination methods to you. I. What are the common manifestations of lung cancer? 1.The most common symptom of early lung cancer is cough: the tumor occupying in the lung stimulates the receptors in the lung leading to cough. Because most lung cancer patients are smokers, this often leads them to believe that the cough is caused by smoking as before. Not all coughs in smokers are precursors to lung cancer, but they are at least abnormal. Therefore, if you have smoking-related cough symptoms, you need to pay close attention to any change in the nature of your cough and have it checked early. 2.Hemoptysis: If the primary focus has invaded the small blood vessels in the respiratory tract, blood will flow into the respiratory tract and blood spots will be seen in the coughing up of mucous sputum. 3.The most noteworthy symptom of early lung cancer is uncontrollable pneumonia: no matter the tumor is compressing the respiratory tract or directly blocking the respiratory tract, it will infect the lung tissues below the blockage, so pneumonia and its related symptoms, such as cough, thick sputum and fever, will arise. Every adult patient with pneumonia should be reviewed in a few weeks. If the signs of infiltration do not disappear, the possibility of lung cancer should be considered immediately. 4.Other: wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, weight loss, fever, chest pain, dyspnea, dysphagia, hoarseness, superior vena cava compression syndrome, etc. What tests can be used to diagnose lung cancer? With the improvement of science and technology, early diagnosis of lung cancer has been made possible by the application of various sophisticated equipment in clinical practice. Fluoroscopy, X-ray, chest computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fiberoptic bronchoscopy, sputum exfoliation cell examination, percutaneous lung puncture, mediastinoscopy, bone imaging or emission tomography (ECT), positron emission tomography (PET), open-chest lung biopsy, and tumor marker examination (CEA, NSE, SCC, etc.) can be used alone or in combination to correctly diagnose lung cancer. lung cancer. III. What does the treatment of lung cancer include? First of all, it is certain that lung cancer is not an incurable disease! Once diagnosed, all lung cancer patients must be comprehensively evaluated by a thoracic surgeon. Generally speaking, the vast majority of patients with early and mid- to late-stage lung cancer have indications and opportunities for surgical treatment. A portion of advanced stage patients can also undergo surgical treatment with aggressive preoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy to completely remove the tumor. IV. Suggestions from thoracic surgeons. 1. Middle-aged and elderly people insist on annual physical examination and chest X-ray, including frontal and lateral views, and if the presence of lesions is suspected, additional chest CT examination can be done. 2.Don’t underestimate recurrent pneumonia, there is a possibility of potential malignant tumor, do chest CT examination and fiberoptic bronchoscopy if necessary. 3.If abnormal shadows in the lungs are found, consult a thoracic surgeon in time. 4.Even if lung cancer is diagnosed, there is no need to panic, as the high-tech means nowadays can still formulate detailed and effective treatment plans according to the different conditions of each patient.