There are two types of antiviral therapy for hepatitis B patients: medication and injections, with nucleoside analogs for medication and IFN-alpha for injections, both of which have their advantages and disadvantages and need to be chosen in the context of the patient’s specific situation. The advantages of injections are that there is no drug resistance, the course of treatment is limited, and can be used for young patients. The rate of serum HBeAg and HBV DNA conversion at the end of the regular course of treatment is 30%-40%, and the rate of serum HBeAg and HBV DNA conversion at one year after stopping the drug is 20%-30%. The disadvantage is that it is narrowly adapted to the population, mainly for active HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients, for HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B poor antiviral efficacy, the need for subcutaneous injections, poor tolerability, relatively high cost. The advantage of taking the drug is that it is orally administered, well tolerated, and relatively widely available to people with severe hepatitis, liver transplant patients, and even pregnant women, with similar efficacy for active HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B. Serum HBV DNA decreases rapidly, with a negative rate of 90% after 2-4 weeks of treatment and a HBeAg serological conversion rate of about 20% after 1 year of treatment. The disadvantage is that there is a certain uncertainty when to stop the drug, and some patients may develop drug resistance mutation after long-term administration, which affects the efficacy of the drug. hBeAg serology conversion and after consolidation period (≥1 year), the majority (about 80%) of the patients have stable efficacy after stopping the drug; patients who have not been converted have a high relapse rate, and even aggravate the disease.