Recently, Xiao Wang, who just started his sophomore year of college, suddenly had a yellowish stain all over his body, couldn’t eat, and was tired and weak, as he was diagnosed with severe hepatitis B by the hospital, the doctor told him: “There is no other way but to have a liver transplant. When this news was published, it immediately attracted the attention of many people: why did Xiao Wang’s hepatitis B suddenly worsen? Is liver failure, cirrhosis or liver cancer a necessary path for people infected with hepatitis B virus? How to prevent the development of hepatitis B? In China, liver failure caused by viral hepatitis was once called heavy hepatitis, mainly seen in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. the natural course of HBV infection is complex and variable, ranging from inactive HBsAg carrier status with no obvious symptoms to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and other states. 1, what is liver failure Liver failure, referred to as liver failure, is a serious liver damage caused by a variety of factors, resulting in serious impairment or loss of its synthesis, detoxification, excretion and biotransformation functions, a group of clinical syndromes with coagulation mechanism disorders and xanthogranuloma, hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, etc. as the main manifestations. Hepatitis B severe disease refers to the progression of hepatitis B from mild (mild to moderate inflammation) to severe disease (liver failure). In clinical manifestations, patients present with progressive coagulation disorders and xanthogranuloma, hepatic encephalopathy, and ascites. Hepatitis B severe disease is mainly manifested as the progression to slow plus acute liver failure in patients with chronic hepatitis B. 2, liver failure, really “to kill” along with a large number of hepatocytes necrosis in the short term, patients appear a series of clinical syndrome: (1) early patients appear weak, weakness, progressive aggravation of digestive symptoms, appetite, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, epigastric discomfort. The prominent manifestation of this phase is the progressive deepening of jaundice within a short period of time, predominantly hepatocellular jaundice, a rapid rise in serum bilirubin, often >17.1 μmol/L (1 mg/dl) per day, and the phenomenon of bile enzyme separation. Patients had prothrombin activity between 40% and 30% without significant complications such as hepatic encephalopathy. If the triggering factors and the immune response are controlled in time, the patient may show improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms, slow regression of jaundice, improvement in coagulation, and gradual recovery of prothrombin activity to above 40%. (2) If the disease cannot be controlled in time, the symptoms of liver failure will be further aggravated, and the patient will show very poor appetite, and may even develop intractable vomiting and eructation. At the same time, the patient may develop stage II hepatic encephalopathy such as confusion, fluttering tremor or obvious ascites, bleeding tendency, and prothrombin activity of 30% to 20%. The success rate of patient’s salvage is less than 10%. (3) With further development of the disease, patients may develop intractable complications, such as hepatorenal syndrome, severe hemorrhagic tendency, endotoxemia, severe infection, uncorrectable electrolyte disturbance or stage II or higher hepatic encephalopathy, and prothrombin activity <20%. At this time, the patient's morbidity and mortality rate is extremely high, and liver transplantation is mostly required to have a hope of survival. 3.How to prevent and stop liver failure? How can a person with chronic hepatitis B virus infection prevent this from happening? In fact, as long as you do: "not to miss, not to poison, not to keep" the "three no's", you can prevent the serious consequences of the "war outbreak" of hepatitis B. The "no mistake" refers to not delaying the disease. Most people with hepatitis B have no obvious symptoms, but only mildly elevated transaminases, which are often detected only during medical examinations. Therefore, people with hepatitis B virus infection need to have their liver function and hepatitis B virus replication status checked regularly: at least once every 6 months for e antigen positive patients and once a year for e antigen negative patients. Once liver function abnormalities are detected, prompt treatment is required to quell the "war". "Non-toxic" is to avoid the damage of toxic substances to the liver. The liver is the body's largest chemical process, and many toxic substances need to be detoxified in the liver. Excessive intake of toxic substances not only increases the burden on the liver, but may also lead to liver cell damage. These substances that are toxic to the liver include alcohol and some drugs. "Constantly" means that patients with chronic hepatitis B who are on anti-treatment should not interrupt their treatment: antiviral treatment for hepatitis B is a treatment process that requires long-term adherence. Patient adherence is decisive for treatment outcomes. Good compliance can reduce the emergence of viral resistance and make the antiviral effect of the drug more durable, thus achieving better results. Therefore, it is important not to take the medication today and miss it tomorrow. The "three days of fish and two days of sunshine" treatment not only can not cure hepatitis B, but also easy to make the virus mutation. You should not suddenly stop taking the medication when the effect is not achieved. Once you stop the medication, the hepatitis B virus in your body will be active again, replicating in large numbers and waging war, even leading to severe hepatitis.