What is commonly referred to as childhood mumps is mumps, and the primary site of lesion is in the salivary glands of children. The patient’s salivary glands are enlarged and located just below the earlobe, and basically the entire area is swollen with indistinct mandibular margins. Initially, it usually occurs on one side and then involves the opposite side after a few days. Mumps is an acute respiratory infection caused by the mumps virus that infects the body, mainly in children or adolescents. In addition to the parotid gland, the mumps virus can invade other glandular tissues and cause meningitis and meningoencephalitis in children. Most mumps patients have a good prognosis and do not need to be hospitalized. With proper rest and symptomatic treatment, they will recover on their own in about 10 to 14 days. However, patients with severe mumps should be admitted to the hospital in a timely manner for appropriate treatment.