Pulmonary stasis is mainly caused by left heart failure. Acute left heart failure is treated with general treatment such as oxygen administration and drug treatment such as morphine aminophylline, etc. Chronic left heart failure is treated with general treatment such as removing the causative factors and drug treatment such as furosemide digoxin, etc.
1. Acute left heart failure:
(1) General treatment: take semi-recumbent position or sitting position, drop legs, reduce venous return of lower limbs, finger pulse oxygen saturation <90% need to give oxygen by mask, record the amount of water in and out of the water, strictly limit the amount of drinking water and infusion rate.
(2) Drug therapy: available morphine, pethidine sedation, the application of aminophylline, dihydroxypropyl theophylline to relieve bronchospasm, vasodilating nitroglycerin, sodium nitroprusside, recombinant human BNP, etc., pay attention to the monitoring of blood pressure, intravenous furosemide and other diuretic, if there is a low cardiac output syndrome, the choice of positive inotropic drugs, such as floridoside C, dobutamine and so on.
2. Chronic left heart failure:
(1) General treatment: actively remove or alleviate the underlying causes, such as hypertension, hyperthyroidism, etc., eliminate the causative factors, such as controlling infections, correcting anemia, etc., improve the lifestyle, such as smoking and alcohol cessation, weight loss, etc., and avoid the application of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as indomethacin.
(2) Drug therapy: commonly used diuretics include furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, spironolactone, etc. Positive inotropic drugs such as digoxin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors such as captopril, etc., angiotensin receptor antagonists such as candesartan, etc., β-blockers such as bisoprolol, etc., and pay attention to the adverse effects of drugs.
The emergence of left heart failure, the need for timely compliance with medical advice standardized treatment.