Semen examination is the most direct means of assessing male fertility, and a qualified semen specimen will provide an important basis for subsequent treatment measures to assist in pregnancy. In the following, we will introduce matters related to semen examination that need to be paid attention to, as well as provide answers to some common questions. 1. Pay attention to the integrity of the semen sample. Only a complete semen sample can provide us with reliable information for diagnosis and treatment. The World Health Organization recommends sperm extraction by masturbation, but in reality many men are not used to masturbation or even have an aversion to it, or because they are not familiar with the process of collecting semen by masturbation or are not accustomed to the unfamiliar environment of sperm extraction, it is inevitable that the sample is missed or inadequate, and a complete semen sample cannot be obtained, and the results of semen examination are inaccurate and fluctuating. Therefore, we remind patients and friends with unsuccessful sperm retrieval process and omissions to be sure to communicate with the outpatient doctor to avoid misjudging the results. 2. Adequate rest and a good state of sperm retrieval. Since the collection of semen must be done by the patient himself, his own state of recuperation is very important to the results of the examination. The results of the test will also be affected by the failure of sperm collection or the fact that the amount of semen is significantly less than during sexual intercourse because of the lack of excitement during sperm collection caused by patients working overtime for a long period of time, rushing to the car overnight before the visit, and conflicts between the couple. 3, the appropriate abstinence time. As for how long to abstain from sex before sperm retrieval, according to a large number of studies at home and abroad, the overall quality of semen is better when abstinence is 3-5 days, so we recommend that sperm be discharged 3-5 days earlier before the sperm test. Even if it is not for the purpose of testing, we recommend that the male partner discharge semen regularly (usually 1-2 times a week, either through sexual intercourse or masturbation) to ensure normal renewal of sperm and to avoid the presence of too many aging or even dead sperm in the semen, which can interfere with the test results and affect the success rate of conception.