The height of children is always an important topic of concern for mothers and fathers. What is the normal annual growth rate for children? What are the factors that affect a child’s height? Why not take a look at the following authoritative data. 1, children’s height and growth rate A person’s height depends on genetics, nutrition and the regulation of growth rate by endocrine hormones. Under normal circumstances, there are two peak periods for height growth, the first peak is from birth to 3 years old, and the second peak is during puberty. For parents, knowing the pattern of height growth can help detect abnormalities in children’s height at an early stage, so that they can take appropriate treatment or intervention measures earlier. In addition to checking the “height standard table”, parents can also make a simple estimation of their child’s height, the growth and development of children has a certain pattern, generally fast first and then slow, the child’s length at birth is an average of 50CM, the first 3 months after birth growth of 4CM per month; the second 3 months growth of 2CM per month; the second 6 months of 1CM per month, 1 year old In the second year, the growth is about 11~12CM, that is, the length is about 85CM at the age of 2. After the age of 2, the height growth is 7CM per year. 2~12 years old height is roughly estimated as: height(CM)=age*7+77(CM). Careful parents can compare the above rules or compare with children of the same age, if they find obvious abnormalities or significantly lower than the average level of children of the same age, they should promptly go to the children’s endocrine specialist to consult the relevant experts. 2.What is the height before 3 years old? From birth to adulthood, the growth rate of height is not uniform. 28cm of height is generally achieved between birth and 2 years old, of which 1/3 is completed in each of the 3 age groups before 4 months, 5-12 months and 1-2 years old. nutrition has a much greater impact on growth than genetic factors before 2 years old, and the younger the age, the more this is true. 5-7cm of height grows uniformly every year after 2 years old until puberty, and accelerates for the second time during puberty. In other words, an adult who is 170 cm tall grows more than 1/3 of his height between birth and 2 years of age. This different age with different growth capacity is due to the complex regulation of endocrine. 3 years old before the influence of harmful factors, such as nutrition, disease or drugs, then, the damage to height will be permanent. 3. 9 little secrets to seize your child’s prime growth period (1) Read the signals of growing taller When exactly will your child’s height skyrocket upwards? There are two signals that can tell you. The first signal is that the child’s appetite has increased and his appetite is very strong, which means he is going to grow. The second sign is that your child’s shoes suddenly become smaller, which is also a sign of growth. This is also a sign of growth, because children usually grow from the bottom up: when the feet get bigger, the legs get longer, and then the hands get bigger and the arms get longer. (2) Fast growth, nutrient supplementation must keep up Children in growth and development need to constantly get a variety of nutrients from food, and fast-growing children have a relatively high demand for nutrients because their metabolism is relatively strong. In addition, children grow fast, which means that the formation of bones will be significantly faster than children of the same age, so the demand for calcium, an important component of bones, will be greater, and in order to ensure the absorption of calcium, the demand for vitamin D will also be correspondingly greater, while the formation of bones also involves phosphorus, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin C and other related nutrients. (3) Bedtime milk is the key Milk is the main food source of calcium, and calcium is the basic raw material for children’s bone growth; milk also has the role of promoting sleep, so a glass of milk before bedtime can promote children’s height growth. However, it is important to note that if your child is over 3 years old, it is best to choose low-fat milk, because whole milk has a high saturated fat content, and children who drink a lot of whole milk over a long period of time are likely to have high cholesterol. Therefore, you should get your child into the habit of drinking low-fat milk, which will ensure calcium intake while reducing the intake of saturated fat. (4) Proper intake of meat Meat, especially beef and lean pork, is rich in the trace element zinc, which is the main source of zinc in the body. Zinc has a stimulating effect on the growth of children. Many important enzymes involved in metabolism in the body contain zinc, which is essential to maintain the activity of these enzymes. Zinc also plays an important role in the synthesis of growth hormones, so children with zinc deficiency are significantly behind normal children and often show a lack of height. Children in a period of rapid growth should have an adequate amount of meat in their daily diet to ensure the supply of high quality protein and zinc, and the iron content of meat is significantly higher than that of other animal foods such as fish, poultry and eggs. (5) Ensure sufficient sleep The secretion of growth hormone by the human hypothalamus is not balanced within 24 hours a day, and its secretion is significantly higher in the sleep state than in the awake state, and is mainly secreted in deep sleep. Good and sufficient sleep is beneficial to the secretion of growth hormone, while insufficient sleep or various sleep disorders may affect the secretion of growth hormone, thus affecting the growth of children’s height. Therefore, a good sleep can promote the growth of children. Generally speaking, the younger the child is, the longer the sleep time required. Newborns need to sleep about 20 hours a day, 2 to 6 months old babies need to sleep 15 to 18 hours a day; 6 to 18 months sleep 13 to 15 hours a day; 18 months to 3 years old children sleep 12 to 13 hours a day; preschool children sleep 11 to 12 hours a day, while school-age children still need to maintain 9 to 10 hours of sleep. Of course, there is a great deal of individual variation in exactly how many hours a day a child needs to sleep, so adequate sleep is not necessarily measured entirely in terms of time. What is important is to see if the child falls asleep easily, sleeps soundly and deeply, and wakes up refreshed and in high spirits. (6) Growing too fast is not necessarily good When children grow slowly, parents are usually anxious and busy taking them to the doctor. The child grows taller than children of the same age, especially if the parents are not tall, but the child grows tall and big, many parents feel proud that their children will definitely grow big in the future. In fact, the fact that a child grows too fast does not necessarily mean that he will be a big man in the future. The reason is that premature development may mean that the development stops too early and the final height is not ideal. (7) Don’t let obesity affect the growth of children Excessive obesity can affect the growth of children. Usually obese children at the beginning of the performance for faster growth, height and weight are more than children of the same age, giving people the feeling of obese children high head. But the obese children often also stopped growing relatively early, their final height is not higher than the same age partners, and may even be shorter. This is because obesity is one of the important reasons that induce precocious puberty in children, precocious puberty can make epiphyseal closure earlier, so at first obese children seem to grow in height quickly, but the final height is affected instead. (8) To grow taller, please stay away from recurrent respiratory infections During the illness, children usually do not eat much, the nutritional intake itself is reduced, plus the fever and increased energy consumption, resulting in weight gain or even loss. The recovery of weight growth is related to the length of the disease, the severity of the disease and the frequency of the disease. If the respiratory tract infection recurs, the body has not fully recovered to catch up with the growth, and then suffered a new blow, so that the body’s nutritional status and resistance further decline, over time, it will obviously affect the growth of children’s height. (9) Hormone therapy should be treated dialectically. Long-term oral administration of large amounts of hormones will affect the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, leading to osteoporosis and inhibiting bone growth and protein synthesis, which will affect the growth and development of children. However, parents do not need to talk about hormones because of this. Doctors now pay more attention to the use of hormones for children in small doses and locally, unlike the use of hormones systemically. Therefore, as long as hormone drugs are used in a regulated manner, they will not significantly affect the growth and development of children, so parents do not need to have a “hormone-phobic” mentality.