Perirectal abscesses are infections in the rectal anal canal tissue or in the space around it that develop into abscesses. Most abscesses form an anal fistula after penetration or incision. Abscesses occur at different sites and vary in their onset, with rapid disease development, limited location, persistent nature of pain, restricted sitting and systemic symptoms such as malignant chills and fever. Perianorectal abscesses are usually classified using a two-category approach: 1. high abscesses, those located above the levator muscle, such as pelvic rectal fossa abscesses, retrorectal abscesses, high myxomatous abscesses, and high submucosal abscesses; 2. low abscesses, those located below the levator muscle, such as abscesses in the sciatic rectal fossa and subcutaneous abscesses. High-grade abscesses have been relatively tricky infectious diseases in anorectology. Reducing damage and accelerating healing are the main problems facing physicians. The clinical treatment of “high abscess” by main focal incision and tube drainage has been satisfactory. This procedure breaks the surgical convention that high perianal abscesses must be treated by hanging threads, and has the advantage of one-time cure. Compared with the suturing procedure, this method has the advantages of less pain, faster recovery and lower recurrence rate.