Positive urine ketone body test may be caused by diabetic ketoacidosis, nondiabetic ketosis (e.g., infectious diseases, severe vomiting, strenuous exercise, diarrhea, prolonged starvation, fasting, and after general anesthesia), and intoxication (e.g., after chloroform, ether anesthesia, and phosphorus poisoning). Urine ketone body test is mainly used for the judgment and evaluation of glucose metabolism disorder and incomplete oxidation of fat. Ketone bodies are intermediate metabolites in the process of fat oxidation and metabolism, and when excessive ketone bodies in the blood are excreted from the urine it leads to positive urine ketone bodies. When the organism’s urine ketone body test result is abnormal, the cause should be clarified under the guidance of the doctor, and active treatment should be carried out to avoid delaying the condition.