The main causes of sudden stinging pain in the toe include the following: 1. Consider that it is caused by muscle strain in the soft tissue of the toe, mostly due to heavy physical labor or walking too much recently, resulting in sudden muscle strain in the toe, which causes stinging pain; 2. Consider that it is caused by nail infection, mostly due to wearing tight shoes and socks or trimming the toenail too short, resulting in the toenail sticking into the flesh next to the nail, which causes sudden stinging pain in the toe; 3. 3. Consider the sudden pain in the toe caused by a torn toenail or a smashed toenail; 4. The structure of the toe is relatively dense, so once infected, the pain is severe and requires timely surgical incision and drainage.