The IUD, known as the intrauterine device, or IUD for short, is a long-acting reversible contraceptive device that is placed in the uterus. The IUD can be inserted once for several years (long-acting) and taken out without affecting pregnancy (reversible).
There are many different types of IUDs available: copper T-shaped IUDs, copper arch-shaped IUDs, round and V-shaped IUDs, the Mother Lode IUD, the Gini IUD, and the Manuel IUD.
Different models of birth control rings have different expiration dates, generally ranging from 5 to 20 years. The IUD is a safe, reversible, easy, economical and reliable contraceptive, and is one of the main contraceptive measures for women of childbearing age in China.
According to the contraceptive active substance, IUDs can be divided into copper-containing IUDs and pill-containing IUDs. They both achieve contraception by compressing the uterus locally and stimulating the production of chronic inflammation, which produces inflammatory factors that can destroy sperm and fertilized eggs while interfering with fertilized egg implantation.
The copper ions in copper-containing birth control devices can further kill the sperm and affect sperm implantation, while levonorgestrel and indomethacin, which contain drugs, can both inhibit ovulation and thicken the cervical mucus, making it impossible for sperm and eggs to meet, thus achieving the effect of contraception.
Therefore, both in theory and in practice, the birth control device is very effective, second only to ligation and skin burial.
Most of the harm we hear about is caused by the expiration of the IUD! Once the IUD has expired and not been removed, as the woman’s body matures and her reproductive system shrinks after menopause, it is easy for perforation and adhesion of the IUD to occur.
Therefore, people around you can remind women to review regularly and remove the IUD in a timely manner.
The IUD is not suitable for everyone. For women with inflammation of the reproductive system, irregular sexual partners, allergies to copper, or the presence of reproductive organ malformations, they are not suitable for the IUD. In addition, some women experience significant discomfort after the IUD is placed, so it is important to seek medical attention in a timely manner and not to tolerate it all the time.
References.
[1] Wu Shangchun, Zhang Wen, et al. Adverse effects of induced abortion on reproductive health [J]. Chinese Journal of Family Planning,2016(1):7-10.