Smoking cessation Smoking is a modifiable risk factor for the development of stroke. Studies have shown that smoking cessation reduces the risk of all strokes by 18% in the first 2 years, and the peak effect of smoking cessation is a 38% reduction in the risk of stroke 2-4 years after cessation. All health care providers should strongly advise all patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack who smoke to quit; passive smoking should be avoided. Nicotine preparations as well as oral smoking cessation medications help to quit smoking. Obesity is an important risk factor in the development of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. The body fat content of the whole body and local body fat content measurement and assessment methods commonly used is the body mass index (BMI), used to diagnose generalized obesity and waist circumference diagnosis of abdominal obesity. Several prospective studies have found that an increase in BMI increases the risk of ischemic stroke. It has been proved that BMI affects stroke, including the development of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, etc. BMI is an independent and statistically significant predictor of stroke.BMI is calculated by weight (kg) / height2(m2).The target of BMI control is 18.5~24.9 kg/m2.The Chinese Obesity Working Group suggests that the waist circumference of males should be <90cm and females <80cm.Shandong University recommends that the waist circumference of males should be <90cm and females <80cm. Wang Cuilan, Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, China. 3. Alcohol cessation There is sufficient evidence that chronic alcoholism and alcohol abuse are risk factors for all stroke subtypes. Patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack who are addicted to alcohol should quit drinking or reduce the amount of alcohol consumed. For patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack who have the ability to do physical activity, at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity every day can reduce the risk factors of recurrence of stroke; for patients with ischemic stroke who are left with disabilities, it is recommended that they should carry out rehabilitation exercises under the guidance of physicians.